Genetic Resource of the Resistance of Vicia faba L. against the Black Bean Aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli

Abstract

The Black bean aphid Aphis fabae Scopoli (Homoptera: Aphididae) is a serious pest of faba bean, Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae) in Algeria. The use of resistant cultivars may reduce the impact of this pest on broad bean production and at the same time reduce environmental risks and control costs. The level of resistance of fourteen cultivars of broad bean, Vicia faba was screened in the field against the main aphid pest of faba bean, the Black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli during January to April 2011 in Biskra region (in the east of Algeria). Among the cultivars tested, six cultivars (1, 9, 12, 13, 14 and 15) were the most resistant in the three counts, while three cultivars (4, 6 and 11) were showed a high susceptibility against this aphid at least once. The remainder of cultivars (3, 5, 7, 8 and 10) revealed an unsettled level of resistance. The relationship between the level of resistance and morphological characters of cultivars indicated that the resistant cultivars have a longer leaflet than the high susceptible cultivars. In the other hand, the statistical analysis showed that no significant differences on the plant height and the leaflet width in the tow category of cultivars (resistant and high susceptible).

Evaluation of Black Currant Cultivars Resistance to Aphis grossulariae Kalt. and Effectiveness of Water Extracts of Artemisia Absinthium L. and Tanacetum Vulgare L. Against this Pest

“…One such strategy is the selection of aphid resistant plants that are able to protect themselves against attacks of pathogens and pests by incorporating multifactor (own) (Klingler et al, 1998;Dogimont et al, 2014;Zhong et al, 2014;Puterka, 2017). The introduction of resistant cultivars is an environmentally sustainable strategy during the control of aphids in many plant species (Meradsi, 2016;Doryanizadeh et al, 2016;Radchenko, 2017).…”

“…The Medina (Medicago sativa L.) alfala cultivar has demonstrated antibiosis to cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch), the Carmina and Victoria cultivars showed tolerance to this pest (Descamps et al, 2015). Cultivars of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) showed resistance to black bean aphid (Aphis fabae Scopoli) and [Aphis craccivora (Koch)] (Salman et al, 2015;Golizadeh et al, 2016;Meradsi, 2016). Eight of the 30 selections of cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) have shown the resistance to melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) (Liang et al, 2015).…”

“…Low cost of MSTW is connected with the easy availability of wild stocks of these herbs, their wide distribution and relatively high productivity in the conditions of the arid zone of Central Kazakhstan. Bitter wormwood has wide distribution in almost all regions of the worlds (Radchenko, 2000;2011;Souleymane et al, 2013;Descamps et al, 2015;Golizaden et al, 2016;Liang et al, 2015;Shafiq et al, 2015;Meradsi, 2016). Maggi et al (2005) with co-authors say: "For these to be practical and economical, the selected species must meet some requirements, such as being cultivatable and having a potent active principle, high stability and a good yield".…”

Behavioral and biological responses of black bean aphid (Aphis fabae, Scopoli, 1763) on seven Algerian local broad bean cultivars

“…Plant resistance may be the most effective, economical, and environmentally sound management tactic to control A. fabae in crops. Some progress has been archived in screening broad bean cultivars against black bean aphid and a number of cultivars have been identified as possible source of resistance for breeding programs (El-Dafrawi et al, 1991;Laamari et al, 2008;Meradsi & Laamari, 2016a, 2016b, 2016cMeradsi, 2017). Smith (2005) indicated three general categories of plant resistance to insects, which have become widely accepted by entomologists: non preference or, antixenosis, tolerance, and antibiosis.…”

Dynamics and pest and natural enemies dispersion in cowpea and colored cotton in sole or intercropping systems

“…Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is considered one of the most abundant insects in Leguminosae plants (Kamphuis, Gao & Singh 2012;Wongsa et al 2016) since it can reduce the quality of the host plant (Meradsi & Laamari 2016). Although there is no information about the critical period for the occurrence of A. craccivora in cowpea (BRS Itaim cultivar) in Brazil, the production loss caused by this species and other phytophagous insects in sole crops is evident, and it can vary from 24 to 69% (Karungi et al 2000).…”