Genetic resources of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] and citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (L.H. Bailey) Mansf. ex Greb.)- implications for genetic improvement, product development and commercialization: A review

Mashilo, Jacob; Shimelis, Hussein; Ngwepe, Richard Mantlo

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2021.10.013

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…“Benhur F1” (CC; Grainez Voltz, Loire-Authion, France)—were used as rootstocks. Both species are of broad economic importance ( Karaağaç and Balkaya, 2013 ; Mashilo et al., 2022 ) and currently represents the most used species as rootstocks for grafted Cucurbitaceae plants. Each rootstock was grafted with two different cucurbit species, i.e., melon (M; Cucumis melo L.), cv.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scions impact biomass allocation and root enzymatic activity of rootstocks in grafted melon and watermelon plants

et al. 2022

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Vegetable grafting is increasingly recognized as an effective and sustainable plant production alternative. Grafted plants usually show increased uptake of water and minerals compared with self-rooted plants, mostly thought a consequence of the vigorous rootstocks selected. However, while studies frequently addressed the effects of rootstocks on the performance of scions, knowledge on the influences of scions on biomass allocation, morphology, and metabolic activity of roots is rare. In particular, the plasticity of root traits affecting resource acquisition and its efficiency remains poorly understood. Two different rootstock species, Cucurbita maxima × Cucurbita moschata and Lagenaria siceraria, were grafted in combination with melon (Cucumis melo) and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Self-grafted rootstocks were used as control. Plant biomass and root traits were determined after destructive harvesting 30 and/or 60 days after grafting. Traits included biomass allocation, leaf and root morphology, potential activities of four extracellular enzymes on root tips and basal root segments, and root respiration. Successfully grafted scions increase the ratio of root to whole plant dry matter (RMF), and increased ratios of root length to whole plant dry matter (RLR) and to plant leaf area (RL : LA). In contrast, morphological root traits such as diameter, tissue density, and specific root length remain surprisingly stable, and thus scion-induced changes of those traits may only play a minor role for the beneficial effects of grafting in Cucurbitaceae. Incompatibility in melon/L. siceraria grafts, however, was likely responsible for the reduced root growth in combination with clear changes in root morphological traits. Reduced root respiration rates seem to be the effects of a non-compatible rootstock–scion combination rather than an active, C-efficiency increasing acclimation. In contrast, heterografts with melon and watermelon frequently resulted in root-stock-specific, often enhanced potential enzymatic activities of acid phosphatase, β-glucosidase, leucine-amino-peptidase, and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase both at root tips and basal parts of lateral roots—presenting a potential and complementary mechanism of grafted plants to enhance nutrient foraging. The studied melon and watermelon scions may thus increase the nutrient foraging capacity of grafted plants by fostering the relative allocation of C to the root system, and enhancing the extracellular enzymatic activities governed by roots or their rhizobiome.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scions impact biomass allocation and root enzymatic activity of rootstocks in grafted melon and watermelon plants

et al. 2022

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“…three replications, giving 54 experimental units (1.8 × 10 -3 m 3 rhizotrons). One seed of each accession was planted in a rhizotron filled with a weed-free Gromor potting Mix 30 dm 3 and filter sand mixed in ratio 1:3. Plants under NS were irrigated at planting, 14 DAP and 28 DAP.…”

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bailey) is an important cucurbit crop grown for multiple purposes as human food and animal feed in many parts of Africa. For use as food, several plant parts of the crop are consumed, namely: fresh leaves, ripened fruit and seed which provide essential nutrients and phytochemical compounds [1][2][3]. The fresh or dried vines are used as feed for domesticated animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Variability of Root System Architecture Traits for Drought Tolerance among Accessions of Citron Watermelon (<i>Citrullus Lanatus</i> Var. <i>Citroides</i> (L.H. Bailey)

Mandizvo¹,

Odindo²,

Mashilo³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) is an extremely drought-tolerant cucurbit crop widely grown in sub-Saharan Africa in arid and semi-arid environments characterized by drought. The species is a C3 xerophyte used for multiple purposes, including intercropping with maize and has a deep taproot system. The deep taproot system plays a key role in the species’ adaptation to dry conditions. Understanding root system development of this crop could be useful in identifying traits for breeding water-use efficient and drought-tolerant varieties. This study compared root system architecture of citron watermelon accessions under water-stress conditions. Nine selected and drought-tolerant citron watermelon accessions were grown under non-stress (NS) and water stress (WS) conditions using the root rhizotron procedure in a glasshouse. The following root system architecture (RSA) traits were measured, namely: root system width (RSW), root system depth (RSD), convex hull area (CHA), total root length (TRL), root branch count (RBC), total root volume (TRV), leaf area (LA), leaf number (LN), first seminal root length (FSRL), seminal root angle (SRA), root dry mass (RDM), shoot dry mass (SDM), root–shoot mass ratio (RSM), root mass ratio (RMR), shoot mass ratio (SMR) and root tissue density (RTD). The data collected on RSA traits were subjected to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation and principal component analyses. ANOVA revealed a significant (p &lt; 0.05) accession × water stress interaction effect for studied RSA traits. Under WS, RDM exhibited significant and positive correlations with RSM (r = 0.65), RMR (r = 0.66), RSD (r = 0.66), TRL (r = 0.60), RBC (r = 0.72), FSRL (r = 0.73) and LN (r = 0.70). Principal component analysis revealed high loading scores for the following RSA traits: RSW (0.89), RSD (0.97), TRL (0.99), TRV (0.90), TRL (0.99), RMR (0.96) and RDM (0.76). In conclusion, the study has shown that the identified RSA traits could be useful in crop improvement programmes for citron watermelon genotypes with enhanced drought adaptation for improved yield performance under drought-prone environments.

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“…Bailey)) is an important cucurbit crop grown for multiple purposes such as human food and animal feed in many parts of Africa. Several plant parts of the crop are consumed for food, namely: fresh leaves, ripened fruit and seed, which provide essential nutrients and phytochemical compounds [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Fresh or dried vines are used as feed for domesticated animals [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several plant parts of the crop are consumed for food, namely: fresh leaves, ripened fruit and seed, which provide essential nutrients and phytochemical compounds [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Fresh or dried vines are used as feed for domesticated animals [ 3 , 4 ]. Citron watermelon is the most drought and heat tolerant of the cucurbit crops [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Variability of Root System Architecture Traits for Drought Tolerance among Accessions of Citron Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (L.H. Bailey)

Mandizvo

Odindo

Mashilo

et al. 2022

Plants

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Citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) is a drought-tolerant cucurbit crop widely grown in sub-Saharan Africa in arid and semi-arid environments. The species is a C3 xerophyte used for multiple purposes, including intercropping with maize, and has a deep taproot system. The deep taproot system plays a key role in the species’ adaptation to dry conditions. Understanding the root system development of this crop could be useful to identify traits for breeding water-use efficient and drought-tolerant varieties. This study compared the root system architecture of citron watermelon accessions under water-stress conditions. Nine selected and drought-tolerant citron watermelon accessions were grown under non-stress (NS) and water stress (WS) conditions using the root rhizotron procedure in a glasshouse. The following root system architecture (RSA) traits were measured: root system width (RSW), root system depth (RSD), convex hull area (CHA), total root length (TRL), root branch count (RBC), total root volume (TRV), leaf area (LA), leaf number (LN), first seminal root length (FSRL), seminal root angle (SRA), root dry mass (RDM), shoot dry mass (SDM), root–shoot mass ratio (RSM), root mass ratio (RMR), shoot mass ratio (SMR) and root tissue density (RTD). The data collected on RSA traits were subjected to an analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation and principal component analyses. ANOVA revealed a significant (p < 0.05) accession × water stress interaction effect for studied RSA traits. Under WS, RDM exhibited significant and positive correlations with RSM (r = 0.65), RMR (r = 0.66), RSD (r = 0.66), TRL (r = 0.60), RBC (r = 0.72), FSRL (r = 0.73) and LN (r = 0.70). The principal component analysis revealed high loading scores for the following RSA traits: RSW (0.89), RSD (0.97), TRL (0.99), TRV (0.90), TRL (0.99), RMR (0.96) and RDM (0.76). In conclusion, the study has shown that the identified RSA traits could be useful in crop improvement programmes for citron watermelon genotypes with enhanced drought adaptation for improved yield performance under drought-prone environments.

show abstract

Genetic resources of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] and citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (L.H. Bailey) Mansf. ex Greb.)- implications for genetic improvement, product development and commercialization: A review

Cited by 16 publications

References 116 publications

Scions impact biomass allocation and root enzymatic activity of rootstocks in grafted melon and watermelon plants

Scions impact biomass allocation and root enzymatic activity of rootstocks in grafted melon and watermelon plants

Phenotypic Variability of Root System Architecture Traits for Drought Tolerance among Accessions of Citron Watermelon (<i>Citrullus Lanatus</i> Var. <i>Citroides</i> (L.H. Bailey)

Phenotypic Variability of Root System Architecture Traits for Drought Tolerance among Accessions of Citron Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (L.H. Bailey)

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