Genetic Risk, Muscle Strength, and Incident Stroke: Findings From the UK Biobank Study

Kim, Young‐Won; Hwang, Semi; Sharp, Stephen J.; Luo, Shan; Yeung, Shiu Lun Au; Teerlink, Craig C.

doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.01.034

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The significant association between HGS weakness and incident stroke has been demonstrated by several previous studies (5,22,38). For example, the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study with data from 17 countries has reported a 9% increased risk of incident stroke associated with every 5 kg reduction in HGS (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…For example, the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study with data from 17 countries has reported a 9% increased risk of incident stroke associated with every 5 kg reduction in HGS ( 5 ). A cohort study of over 280,000 participants from UK biobank has also revealed that weak HGS was linked to a higher hazard for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke ( 38 ). Moreover, a prospective cohort study using data from CHARLS has reported that weakness and declines in HGS were associated with stroke incidence in middle-aged and older Chinese ( 22 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of handgrip weakness and asymmetry with new-onset stroke in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a cohort study

Zhang,

Chen,

Cao

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundWeak handgrip strength (HGS) has been linked to adverse health outcomes including stroke. However, the joint associations of HGS weakness and asymmetry between limbs with stroke incidence remain underexplored.MethodsThis cohort study analyzed data of participants aged ≥45 years from three waves (2011, 2013, and 2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Weak HGS was defined according to the recommendation of European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Asymmetric HGS was defined if the HGS ratio of both hands was over 1.1 or below 0.9. New-onset stroke was confirmed through self-report of physician’s diagnosis.ResultsA total of 10,966 participants without stroke at baseline were included in the analysis. During the 4 years follow-up, there were 262 (2.39%) new-onset stroke cases. Compared to individuals with non-weak and symmetric HGS, those with HGS asymmetry alone and weakness alone were associated with hazards of 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–1.48) and 1.27 (95%CI: 0.86–1.88) for new-onset stroke, respectively, while co-occurrence of both HGS asymmetry and weakness was associated with 1.80 (95%CI: 1.24–2.60) greater hazard for new-onset stroke after controlling for confounders. Such associations were consistent in older adults aged ≥60 years, but not in those aged<60 years.ConclusionIndividuals with both weak and asymmetric HGS tended to have greater risk of new-onset stroke, compared to those with normal HGS, or with either weak or asymmetric HGS alone. Our finding suggested that examining HGS asymmetry alongside weakness may help to improve the risk-stratification and target prevention of stroke, particularly in the older population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of handgrip weakness and asymmetry with new-onset stroke in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a cohort study

Zhang,

Chen,

Cao

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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“…Our findings on the relationship between PRS and stroke were also supported by a previous study from UK Biobank. 35 From the perspective of gene-environment interaction, the interplay between genetic susceptibility and air pollution are plausible. On the one hand, stroke-related SNPs and air pollution exposure share some similarities in the biological pathways of stroke initiation and progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Susceptibility Modifies Relationships Between Air Pollutants and Stroke Risk: A Large Cohort Study

Ma,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Stroke

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BACKGROUND: The extent to which genetic susceptibility modifies the associations between air pollutants and the risk of incident stroke is still unclear. This study was designed to investigate the separate and joint associations of long-term exposure to air pollutants and genetic susceptibility on stroke risk. METHODS: The participants of this study were recruited by the UK Biobank between 2006 and 2010. These participants were followed up from the enrollment until the occurrence of stroke events or censoring of data. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for stroke events associated with long-term exposure to air pollutants were estimated by fitting both crude and adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. Additionally, the polygenic risk score was calculated to estimate whether the polygenic risk score modifies the associations between exposure to air pollutants and incident stroke. RESULTS: A total of 502 480 subjects were included in this study. After exclusion, 452 196 participants were taken into the final analysis. During a median follow-up time of 11.7 years, 11 334 stroke events were observed, with a mean age of 61.60 years, and men accounted for 56.2% of the total cases. Long-term exposures to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 µm (adjusted HR, 1.70 [95% CI, 1.43–2.03]) or particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 µm (adjusted HR, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.36–1.66]), nitrogen dioxide (adjusted HR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.07–1.12]), and nitrogen oxide (adjusted HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02–1.05]) were pronouncedly associated with increased risk of stroke. Meanwhile, participants with high genetic risk and exposure to high air pollutants had ≈45% (31%, 61%; particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 µm), 48% (33%, 65%; particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 µm), 51% (35%, 69%; nitrogen dioxide), and 39% (25%, 55%; nitrogen oxide) higher risk of stroke compared with those with low genetic risk and exposure to low air pollutants, respectively. Of note, we observed additive and multiplicative interactions between genetic susceptibility and air pollutants on stroke events. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic exposure to air pollutants was associated with an increased risk of stroke, especially in populations at high genetic risk.

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“…Muscle strength is considered a key element for physical performance and independence in older adults [ 2 ]. Evidence shows that lower level of muscle strength leads to higher incidence of cardiovascular [ 3 ], metabolic [ 4 ], and cerebrovascular diseases [ 5 ], falls [ 6 ], early hospitalization [ 7 ] and premature mortality [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric normalization of handgrip strength in older adults: Which body size parameter is the most appropriate?

Kasović

Sagat

Kalčik³

et al. 2023

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Background Although absolute handgrip strength has been associated with health-related outcomes in older adults, little evidence has been provided regarding its adjustment by a variety of body size dimensions. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to establish the most appropriate normalization of handgrip strength by different body size parameters in a large sample of noninstitutionalized older adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 643 men and women aged > 60, who were part of the rehabilitation center facility program. Handgrip strength was objectively measured using a Jamar Plus* + Digital Hand Dynamometer. Body size parameters included body weight and height, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, fat mass and fat-free mass. The most appropriate parameter associated with handgrip strength was identified using allometry. Results Findings showed that the most appropriate body size parameter for handgrip strength normalization was height (allometric exponent: 0.85), compared to fat-free mass (0.26) and body mass (0.12). Other body size variables were not significantly associated with handgrip strength and were omitted from further analyses. The correlations between normalized handgrip strength were significant when handgrip strength was normalized by body mass and fat-free mass, while no significant correlations were found, when handgrip strength was normalized by body height. Conclusion Based on the study results, body height seems to be the best body size parameter for handgrip strength normalization in older adults, omitting the influence of body size on strength performance. If handgrip strength is measured, body height may help normalize strength for large-scale research.

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Genetic Risk, Muscle Strength, and Incident Stroke: Findings From the UK Biobank Study

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Associations of handgrip weakness and asymmetry with new-onset stroke in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a cohort study

Associations of handgrip weakness and asymmetry with new-onset stroke in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a cohort study

Genetic Susceptibility Modifies Relationships Between Air Pollutants and Stroke Risk: A Large Cohort Study

Allometric normalization of handgrip strength in older adults: Which body size parameter is the most appropriate?

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