Genetic selection of athletic success in sport-hunting dogs

Kim, Jaemin; Williams, Falina J.; Dreger, Dayna L.; Plassais, Jocelyn; Davis, Brian W.; Parker, Heidi G.; Ostrander, Elaine A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1800455115

Cited by 62 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…XP-EHH was calculated using the SELSCAN 1.1.0 software package [ 36 ]. Similarly to the F ST analysis, all markers within the top 1% of the empirical distribution of normalized XP-EHH values [ 37 , 38 , 39 ] were considered as relevant. The top 1% SNPs of both the analyses were mapped to the reference genome assembly CanFam3.1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genomic Study of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

Bionda

Cortellari

Bagardi

et al. 2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCSs) show the earliest onset and the highest incidence of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). Previous studies have suggested a polygenic inheritance of the disease in this breed and revealed an association with regions on canine chromosomes 13 and 14. Following clinical and echocardiographic examinations, 33 not-directly-related CKCSs were selected and classified as cases (n = 16) if MMVD was present before 5 years of age or as controls (n = 17) if no or very mild MMVD was present after 5 years of age. DNA was extracted from whole blood and genotyped with a Canine 230K SNP BeadChip instrument. Cases and controls were compared with three complementary genomic analyses (Wright’s fixation index—FST, cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity—XP-EHH, and runs of homozygosity—ROH) to identify differences in terms of heterozygosity and regions of homozygosity. The top 1% single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected and mapped, and the genes were thoroughly investigated. Ten consensus genes were found localized on chromosomes 3-11-14-19, partially confirming previous studies. The HEPACAM2, CDK6, and FAH genes, related to the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway and heart development, also emerged in the ROH analysis. In conclusion, this work expands the knowledge of the genetic basis of MMVD by identifying genes involved in the early onset of MMVD in CKCSs.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genomic Study of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

Bionda

Cortellari

Bagardi

et al. 2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Simmental, we identify two genes, ROBO1 (Roundabout homolog 1) and NRAP (Nebulin Related Anchoring Protein) involved in neuron development and guidance 136,146 . Variants in and near the ROBO1 have been identified as being differentially selected between breeds of cattle 19 and dogs 105 . Variants of NRAP were identified as being potentially adaptive in selection scans of Eastern Finncattle, a cold-adapted breed of cattle from Finland 145 .…”

Section: Gelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle

Rowan

Durbin

Seabury

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Selection is a basic principle of evolution. Many approaches and studies have identified DNA mutations rapidly selected to high frequencies, which leave pronounced signatures on the surrounding sequence (selective sweeps). However, for many important complex, quantitative traits, selection does not leave these intense signatures. Instead, hundreds or thousands of loci experience small changes in allele frequencies, a process called polygenic selection. We know that directional selection and local adaptation are actively changing genomes; however we have been unable to identify the genomic loci responding to this polygenic, complex selection. Here we show that the use of novel dependent variables in linear mixed models (which allow us to account for population structure, relatedness, inbreeding) identify complex, polygenic selection and local adaptation. Thousands of loci are responding to artificial directional selection and hundreds of loci have evidence of local adaptation. While advanced reproduction and genomic technologies are increasing the rate of directional selection, local adaptation is being lost. In a changing climate, the loss of local adaptation may be especially problematic. These selection mapping approaches can be used in evolutionary, model, and agriculture contexts.

show abstract

“…RYR3 (Ryanodine Receptor 3), together with GRK4 (G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4) located in TOP_ROH_02, resulted genes positively selected in athletic dog breeds (sports and hunting aptitudes). In fact, these two genes could have an important role in field activity: RYR3 because of its function in the activation of muscle skeletal contraction through the coordinate activation of voltage dependent Ca2+ [38], and GRK4 in increasing cardiac output.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The German Shorthair Pointer Dog Breed (Canis lupus familiaris): Genomic Inbreeding and Variability

Boccardo

Marelli

Pravettoni

et al. 2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Simple Summary: In order to protect domestic animals' biodiversity, a deep knowledge of the genomic makeup is required. The authors describe the genomic architecture of the German Short Hair Pointer breed and analyze the inbreeding levels under a genomic and a genealogic perspective. Twenty-four dogs from Italy were genotyped and analyzed jointly with 10 dogs from USA, whose genotypes were available from a published research. The authors investigated the genomic structural variation of the breed using runs of homozygosity-the direct measurement of the proportion of homozygous DNA, i.e., genomic inbreeding. Some traits clearly revealed the selection objectives addressed in the breed. The results describe a low inbred population with quite good levels of genetic variability.Abstract: The German Shorthaired Pointer (GSHP) is a breed worldwide known for its hunting versatility. Dogs of this breed are appreciated as valuable companions, effective trackers, field trailers and obedience athletes. The aim of the present work is to describe the genomic architecture of the GSHP breed and to analyze inbreeding levels under a genomic and a genealogic perspective. A total of 34 samples were collected (24 Italian, 10 USA), and the genomic and pedigree coefficients of inbreeding have been calculated. A total of 3183 runs of homozygosity (ROH) across all 34 dogs have been identified. The minimum and maximum number of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) defining all ROH are 40 and 3060. The mean number of ROH for the sample was 93.6. ROH were found on all chromosomes. A total of 854 SNPs (TOP_SNPs) defined 11 ROH island regions (TOP_ROH), in which some gene already associated with behavioral and morphological canine traits was annotated. The proportion of averaged observed homozygotes estimated on total number of SNPs was 0.70. The genomic inbreeding coefficient based on ROH was 0.17. The mean inbreeding based on genealogical information resulted 0.023. The results describe a low inbred population with quite a good level of genetic variability.

show abstract

Genetic selection of athletic success in sport-hunting dogs

Cited by 62 publications

References 87 publications

A Genomic Study of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

A Genomic Study of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle

The German Shorthair Pointer Dog Breed (Canis lupus familiaris): Genomic Inbreeding and Variability

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About