Genetic structure of Pyrenophora teres f. teres and P. teres f. maculata populations from western Canada

Akhavan, Alireza; Turkington, T. K.; Kebede, Berisso; Xi, K.; Katragunta, Kumar; Tekauz, A.; Kutcher, H. Randy; Tucker, James R.; Strelkov, Stephen E.

doi:10.1007/s10658-016-0919-5

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Many flowering plants produce both sexual and asexual offsprings, and they have different probabilities in their fitness characteristics (Bengtsson and Ceplitis, 2000). The rate of offspring production directly affects the fitness of an organism, hence it should be negatively correlated with other fitness components as postulated by life history theory (Stearns, 1992;Akhavan et al, 2016). As a result of limited resource availability, allocation to one activity such as vegetative reproduction is expected to reduce resources devoted to other activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Reproductive and Seed Dispersal and Ecological Significance of the Clonal Spring Ephemeroid Plant Carex physodes in the Gurbantuggut Desert

Abudureheman

Chen

et al. 2018

Planta daninha

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-Carex physodes is an ephemeral species in the cold desert of Gurbantunggut in Northwest China. It has both asexual and sexual reproductive patterns. The primary aims of this study were to characterize the reproduction systems and identify the role of fruit dispersal in the sexual reproduction of C. physodes. Aboveground and underground biomass, root-shoot ratio, inflorescence biomass, fruit-set of C. physodes were measured and dispersal of perigynia and achenes in the natural habitat and indoor condition were studied. The underground biomass of C. physodes was approximately 10 times more than the aboveground biomass. The most parts of aboveground biomass is allocated to the inflorescence, which suggests that C. physodes allocates most biomass to the reproductive part. C. physodes produces perigynium with a pericarp containing one achene. The perigynia disperse at a much greater distance than achenes at both 1 and 4 m s -1 wind velocity, and the floating time of perigynia in water was much longer than that of achenes. Perigynia can hold more water and adher soil much more easily than achenes, which suggests that perigynia are suitable for wind dispersal, and they also adapt to spread at a long distance by occasionally rainfall. However, achenes may remain near the mother plants and only disperse at short distances. C. physodes is morphologically and physiologically adapted to the cold desert environment via a combination of characters associated with the rhizomatous and perigynium. This adaption may increase the opportunity of survival and expansion of population of C. physodes. Keywords

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Reproductive and Seed Dispersal and Ecological Significance of the Clonal Spring Ephemeroid Plant Carex physodes in the Gurbantuggut Desert

Abudureheman

Chen

et al. 2018

Planta daninha

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“…These results compare with a relatively low Φ PT estimate between three western Canadian provinces by Akhavan et al . () of 0.038, P = 0.001, suggesting high gene flow between populations in that region. In comparison, between PTT and PTM populations, which are considered genetically autonomous, Akhavan et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The allelic variation in WA is similar to the results of Akhavan et al . (), who detected 7.2 alleles per locus using 13 SSR primer pairs, with samples collected from three Canadian provinces over 3 years. The number of alleles per locus also compares well to 6.46 reported by Liu et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PTT is heterothallic, a term that describes species that have different mating‐type loci residing within different individuals, the opposite to homothallic where individuals are self‐fertile, a common phenomenon in fungi. PTT is therefore an obligate outcrossing fungus, resulting in genetically diverse populations (Rau et al ., , ; Liu et al ., ; Akhavan et al ., ,b). Genetic differences between populations have been observed regionally within Sardinia, the Czech Republic and over intercontinental distances (Rau et al ., ; Serenius et al ., ; Lehmensiek et al ., ; Leišová‐Svobodová et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic variation of Pyrenophora teres f. teres isolates in Western Australia and emergence of a Cyp51A fungicide resistance mutation

et al. 2018

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Genome‐wide, unlinked, simple sequence repeat markers were used to examine genetic variation and relationships within Pyrenophora teres f. teres, a common pathogen of barley, in Western Australia. Despite the region's geographic isolation, the isolates showed relatively high allelic variation compared to similar studies, averaging 7.11 alleles per locus. Principal component, Bayesian clustering and distance differentiation parameters provided evidence for both regional genotypic subdivision together with juxtaposing of isolates possessing different genetic backgrounds. Genotyping of fungicide resistant Cyp51A isolates indicated a single mutation event occurred followed by recombination and long‐distance regional dispersal over hundreds of kilometres. Selection of recently emergent favourable alleles such as the Cyp51A mutation and a cultivar virulence may provide an explanation, at least in part, for juxtaposed genotypes. Factors affecting genotypic composition and the movement of new genotypes are discussed in the context of grower practices and pathogen epidemiology, together with the implications for resistance breeding.

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“…Previous research suggest that Ptt and Ptm populations are diverse in western Canada (Tekauz, 1990;Akhavan et al, 2015Akhavan et al, , 2016aAkhavan et al, , 2016b. Unfortunately, this diversity may increase the potential for rapid adaptation of both Ptt and Ptm to particular barley cultivars, ultimately resulting in the loss of net blotch resistance (Douiyssi et al, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Resistance to Pyrenophora teres f. teres and P. teres f. maculata in Canadian Barley Genotypes

et al. 2017

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The fungi Pyrenophora teres Drechs. f. teres Smedeg. (Ptt) and Pyrenophora teres Drechs. f. maculata Smedeg. (Ptm) cause the net (NFNB) and spot forms (SFNB) of net blotch of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The reaction of a collection of barley genotypes previously identified as resistant to NFNB and/or SFNB in western Canada was assessed against seven isolates each of Ptt and Ptm. These included isolates recently collected from western Canada plus reference isolates frequently used in resistance breeding programs. Experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions, with the second and third leaves of each plant rated on disease reaction scales of 1 to 10 (Ptt) or 1 to 9 (Ptm) 1 wk after inoculation. The NFNB resistance in the cultivars ‘Vivar’ and ‘CDC Helgason’ was overcome by two and four of the Ptt isolates, respectively. ‘AAC Synergy’ was resistant to all Ptt isolates examined, although two caused disease severities of 4.6 and 5.0, suggesting some adaptation to the resistance in this cultivar. The breeding lines TR 253, CI 9819, and TR 236 were the most resistant to Ptt, with average disease severities of almost 3.0. Resistance to SFNB in ‘CDC Meredith’ was overcome by all Ptm isolates tested, while ‘Cerveza’, ‘Major’, and AAC Synergy were resistant to all of the isolates. Among the breeding lines, TR 236 was the most resistant to Ptm, with an average rating score of 3.9. The identification of isolates virulent on cultivars classified as “resistant” highlights the need for integrated disease management approaches to avoid net blotch resistance breakdown in western Canada.

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Genetic structure of Pyrenophora teres f. teres and P. teres f. maculata populations from western Canada

Cited by 23 publications

References 48 publications

Patterns of Reproductive and Seed Dispersal and Ecological Significance of the Clonal Spring Ephemeroid Plant Carex physodes in the Gurbantuggut Desert

Patterns of Reproductive and Seed Dispersal and Ecological Significance of the Clonal Spring Ephemeroid Plant Carex physodes in the Gurbantuggut Desert

Genetic variation of Pyrenophora teres f. teres isolates in Western Australia and emergence of a Cyp51A fungicide resistance mutation

Resistance to Pyrenophora teres f. teres and P. teres f. maculata in Canadian Barley Genotypes

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