Genetic Structure of the Population of Alternaria solani in Brazil

Junior, V. Lourenço; Rodrigues, Tatiana Tozzi Martins Souza; Campos, A. M. D.; Bragança, C. A. D.; Scheuermann, Klaus Konrad; Reis, Ailton; Brommonschenkel, Sérgio Hermínio; Maffia, Luiz A.; Mizubuti, Eduardo S. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.2010.01754.x

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Isolates obtained from contiguous tomato and potato fields such as in Margahayu, Lembang, could possibly originate from a tomato field infected with an adapted lineage to this host. Other studies in the USA, Brazil and Cuba found population subdivision according to the host of origin as detected by RAPD and/or AFLP markers (Weir et al 1998;Martinez et al 2004;Lourenço et al 2011) as well as by sequence analyses of ITS region of rDNA and the genes encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd), and Alt a1 (Lourenço et al 2009). …”

Section: Aflp Polymorphism and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Studies in USA, Cuba, Brazil, India and China using isozyme and molecular markers also found no location effect or no clear differentiation of A. solani collected from various regions in those countries (Petrunak and Christ 1992;Weir et al 1998;Martinez et al 2004;Varma et al 2006;Kumar et al 2008;Lourenço et al 2011;Leiminger et al 2013;Meng et al 2015). Isolates from different agroclimatic conditions were found to be more genetically similar than isolates in close proximity to one another (Kumar et al 2008).…”

Section: Aflp Polymorphism and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Previous AFLP analyses of A. solani isolates from tomato and potato revealed great diversity among exotic and local isolates in Cuba (Martinez et al 2004), whereas clonal population with high genetic variability was observed among Brazilian isolates (Rodrigues et al 2008;Lourenço Jr et al 2011). Exotic isolates from China, Turkey, Greece and USA tended to group separately from isolates from Cuba and Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Previous studies revealed considerable variability among isolates with respect to morphology, physiology, biochemistry, aggressiveness and genetics (Bonde 1929;Henning and Alexander 1959;Petrunak and Christ 1992;Weir et al 1998;Castro et al 2000;Martinez et al 2004;van der Waals et al 2004;Varma et al 2006;Lourenço et al 2009;Lourenço Jr et al 2011;Weber and Halterman 2012;Meng et al 2015;Kumar et al 2016;Odilbekov et al 2016). Great variability in A. solani is unexpected, since the sexual stage of this pathogen is not known (Meng et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The occurrence of differential aggressiveness among isolates has led to the conclusion for the presence of physiological races (Bonde 1929). However, the race concept in A. solani has not been widely accepted due to lack of characterized differential varieties (Chaerani and Voorrips 2006;Gannibal et al 2014;Adhikari et al 2017) Genetic variation within A. solani populations has been assessed using various molecular markers which included random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Weir et al 1998;Varma et al 2006;Kumar et al 2008;Lourenço Jr et al 2011;Weber and Halterman 2012;Leiminger et al 2013), random amplified microsatellites (RAMS) (van der Waals et al 2004), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) (Martinez et al 2004;Lourenço Jr et al 2011;Odilbekov et al 2016), and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (Meng et al 2015), as well as sequence analyses of A. solani genome portion (Lourenço et al 2009;Weber and Halterman 2012). Among different types of molecular markers, AFLP marker has become one of the major methods of choice for studies of genetic diversity because it does not require prior knowledge of genomic sequence and generates a large number of polymorphic loci in a single experiment (Martinez et al 2004;Odilbekov et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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VARIATION IN AGGRESSIVENESS AND AFLP AMONG Alternaria solani ISOLATES FROM INDONESIA

Chaerani¹,

Kardin²,

Suhardi³

et al. 2018

Indones. J. Agric. Sci.

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Alternaria solani is a necrotroph fungus that causes three-phased diseases in tomato. Management of the pathogen by using resistant cultivars requires knowledge on the aggressiveness and genetic diversity of the fungus. The aims of this study were to isolate A. solani from major tomato and potato producing areas in Indonesia and to study their aggressiveness and genetic variability. Twenty two A. solani isolates were recovered from early blighted tomato and potato in Central and West Java. A. alternata was also isolated from tomato leaves in West Java and North Sumatra, indicating that early blight in Indonesia may be caused by more than one Alternaria species. Resistance tests of four tomato genotypes to selected A. solani isolates revealed that local isolates were more aggressive in inciting early blight and stem lesion than an imported isolate from USA. This implies that introduced breeding materials must be tested to local isolates to obtain effective resistance genes. Cluster analysis based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) obtained from EcoRI+AG and MseI+C primer amplification separated 28 local and Taiwan isolates from the US isolate, which was coincided with aggressiveness separation between the local isolates and the US isolate. Three clusters of AFLP genotypes which did not associate with geographic origin were observed among tropical isolates. The low genetic diversity among the Indonesian isolates suggests clonal population structure with wide distribution. Successful local tomato breeding requires the availability of local A. solani collection with well-characterized aggressiveness level and molecular diversity to obtain effective resistance genes.

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Section: Aflp Polymorphism and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Aflp Polymorphism and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

VARIATION IN AGGRESSIVENESS AND AFLP AMONG Alternaria solani ISOLATES FROM INDONESIA

Chaerani¹,

Kardin²,

Suhardi³

et al. 2018

Indones. J. Agric. Sci.

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Analysis of genetic and virulence variability of Stemphylium lycopersici associated with leaf spot of vegetable crops

et al. 2014

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Stemphylium lycopersici (Enjoji) W. Yamam was initially described from tomato and has been reported to infect different hosts worldwide. Sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions 1 and 2, including 5.8S rDNA (ITS-5.8S rDNA) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd) gene, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), as well as virulence studies were conducted to analyze 46 S. lycopersici isolates. Stemphylium lycopersici isolates used in this study were obtained from diseased tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) from major vegetable growing regions of Malaysia, including the three states of Pahang, Johor and Selangor between 2011 and 2012. Phylogenetic analysis of a combined dataset of the ITS-5.8S rDNA and gpd regions indicated that all isolates were clustered in the sub-cluster that comprised S. lycopersici, and were distinguished from other Stemphylium species. Cluster analyses using the UPGMA method for both RAPD and ISSR markers grouped S. lycopersici isolates into three main clusters with similarity index values of 67 and 68 %. The genetic diversity data confirmed that isolates of S. lycopersici are in concordance to host plants, and not geographical origin of the isolates. All S. lycopersici isolates were pathogenic on their original host plants and showed leaf spot symptoms; however, virulence variability was observed among the isolates. In cross-inoculation assays, the representative isolates were able to cause leaf spot symptoms on eggplant, pepper, lettuce and tomato, but not on cabbage.

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Assessing the Belgian potato Alternaria population for sensitivity to fungicides with diverse modes of action

et al. 2016

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Early blight and brown spot, caused by respectively Alternaria solani and Alternaria alternata, can lead to severe yield losses in potato-growing areas. To date, fungicide application is the most effective measure to control the disease. However, in recent years, a reduced sensitivity towards several active ingredients has been reported. To shed light on this issue, Alternaria isolates were collected from different potato fields in Belgium during two growing seasons. Subsequently, the sensitivity of these isolates was assessed using four widely used fungicides with different modes of action. Demethylation inhibitors, quinone outside inhibitors, a dithiocarbamate and a carboxylic acid amide were included in this study. Although all fungicides reduced spore germination and vegetative growth of Alternaria species to some extent, the interspecies sensitivity was very variable. In general, A. solani was more suppressed by the fungicides compared to A. alternata. The effectiveness of the dithiocarbamate mancozeb was high, whereas the quinone outside inhibitor azoxystrobin showed a limited activity, especially towards A. alternata. Therefore, a subset of the A. alternata and A. solani isolates was tested for the presence of, respectively, the G143A substitution and the F129L substitution in the cytochrome b. The frequency of A. alternata isolates bearing the resistant G143A allele (approximately 65%) was comparable in both sampling years, although sensitivity of isolates decreased during the growing season. This finding points to a shift of the population towards resistant isolates. Both the European genotype I and American genotype II were present in the A. solani population, with genotype I being the most prevalent. None of the genotype I isolates carried the F129L substitution, whereas in 83% of the genotype II isolates this substitution was present. Our results demonstrate for the first time that the Belgian Alternaria population on potato comprises a considerable broad spectrum of isolates with different sensitivity to fungicides

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Genetic Structure of the Population of Alternaria solani in Brazil

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

VARIATION IN AGGRESSIVENESS AND AFLP AMONG Alternaria solani ISOLATES FROM INDONESIA

VARIATION IN AGGRESSIVENESS AND AFLP AMONG Alternaria solani ISOLATES FROM INDONESIA

Analysis of genetic and virulence variability of Stemphylium lycopersici associated with leaf spot of vegetable crops

Assessing the Belgian potato Alternaria population for sensitivity to fungicides with diverse modes of action

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