Genetic Susceptibility to Lead Poisoning

Onalaja, Ava O.; Cláudio, Luz

doi:10.2307/3454630

Cited by 51 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…As recent studies have shown, this information may be insufficient to assess lead behaviour in an organism and its later potential toxicity. A strong argument which supported the undertaking of our study on ALAD polymorphism was that ALAD enzyme activity was and remains to be an important biomarker of lead exposure in many human and animal studies, as well as a diagnostic tool (ONALAJA & CLAUDIO 2000). It is known that its activity is negatively correlated with the lead level in blood (VANPARYS et al 2008) but the strength of the relationship depends on the species (COMPANY et al 2011).…”

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confidence: 75%

No ALAD Polymorphism in Bank Vole Populations from Unpolluted and Lead-Zinc Polluted Areas in Poland

Mikowska

Świergosz-Kowalewska

2015

folia biol (krakow)

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Although a variety of biomarkers has been developed to assess the adverse effect of lead on human and animal populations, studies show that the most important factor conditioning the response may be the genetic make-up of an individual. ALAD (delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase) gene polymorphism found in human populations results in the existence of two alleles: ALAD1 and ALAD2. The difference between them is the result of one nucleotide change (G177C, rs1800435) which implicates different enzyme affinity for lead ions. As a result, carriers of these alleles respond differently to lead exposure in terms of tissue lead content, as well as neurobehavioral response. The aim of our study was to determine if such a phenomenon is present in wild animal populations. Two hypotheses were tested: (i) does the same ALAD polymorphism occur in lead exposed rodent species and is the frequency of different alleles similar to that of humans, (ii) if polymorphism exists, is the tissue lead content higher in individuals having ALAD2 alleles. We used bank voles (Myodes glareolus)

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confidence: 75%

No ALAD Polymorphism in Bank Vole Populations from Unpolluted and Lead-Zinc Polluted Areas in Poland

Mikowska

Świergosz-Kowalewska

2015

folia biol (krakow)

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“…(1). We are aware that one of the most important enzymes affected by lead is the GALAdehydratase (2) and thus considered as sensitive indicator of lead exposure (3,4,5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1). Due to the strong association between iron and lead transport, the polymorphism of the Hemochromatosis gene, may also influence the absorption of lead.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic susceptibility to lead poisoning—A case report

Bijoor

Venkatesh

2007

Indian J Clin Biochem

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Lead poisoning is well documented in persons occupationally exposed to lead. What is less known is, that even in persons working in lead based CASE REPORTA 30-year old male working in a lead acid battery factory for over 6 years came to our laboratory, at the National Referral Centre for lead poisoning in India, Bangalore, wanting to check out his blood lead levels after his friend, who had abdominal pain and weakness of the right arm was detected to have high blood lead levels. He was totally asymptomatic. On examination, he was found to be a middle aged male, well built and well nourished. There was no pallor, icterus or cyanosis. His pulse, blood pressure and other vital signs were normal. Systemic examination including that of the central nervous system did not reveal any abnormality.Blood investigations were done and the findings were as follows (Values in parenthesis indicate normal range) : Haemoglobin = 14.3gms/dl (13-18gms/dl), Total count = 9900 (4000-11000), Differential count -Neutrophils = 49% (40-75%), Lymphocytes = 37% (20-45%), Eosinophils = 11%(1-6%), Myelocytes =2%(<1%), Metamyelocytes =1%(<1%), Platelets = 2.25 lacs/ml (1.5-4.1 lacs/ml) and Blood lead = 82.8Pg/dl (<10Pg/dl)

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“…It is in play, for instance, when sociologists ask outright what made a difference to educational achievement in an actual population, such as between students in a particular Los Angeles middle-school (Rumberger and Larson 1998). It is also in evidence when biologists ask why some individuals experience brain or liver damage, given (e.g., frameworking) that they were exposed to environmental lead (Onalaja and Claudio 2000). Accounting for relativization is thus a necessary part of any complete chronicle of our causal-explanatory practice, including in the account I recommend.…”

Section: -Evaluating Candidate Solutions To the Causal Selection Promentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining Causal Selection with Explanatory Causal Economy: Biology and Beyond

Franklin-Hall

2015

History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences

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Among the factors necessary for the occurrence of some event, which of these are selectively highlighted in its explanation and labeled as causes -and which are explanatorily omitted, or relegated to the status of background conditions? Following J. S. Mill, most have thought that only a pragmatic answer to this question was possible. In this paper I suggest we understand this 'causal selection problem' in causal-explanatory terms, and propose that explanatory trade-offs between abstraction and stability can provide a principled solution to it. After sketching that solution, it is applied to a few biological examples, including to a debate concerning the 'causal democracy' of organismal development, with an anti-democratic (though not a gene-centric) moral. 1-Introduction: Explanatory Sparseness and SystematicityOur universe is dizzyingly complex, and everything that happens within it causally depends on innumerable other things. The living world in particular can appear almost horrifically complicated. Though some of this complexity remains beyond our grasp, scientists have unraveled ever-larger portions of it. The combination of this complex world and our increasingly sophisticated theories accounting for it should make two features of our causal-explanatory practice appear surprising: its sparseness and its systematicity.Explanatory practice is sparse in that many apparently legitimate causal explanations are rather thin affairs, in which happenings are accounted for with only the tiniest sliver of information, and not by citing all, or even very many, of an event's causal influences. 2 Explanatory practice is systematic in that those few morsels that sparse explanations feed to us do not seem to emerge higgledy-piggledy, as if they were the output of some 'explanatory lottery' in 1 For helpful comments on this paper, thanks to David Frank, Maria Kronfleldner, Michael Strevens and David Velleman. Special thanks are due to the editors of this volume, PierreAlain Braillard and Christophe Malaterre, both for their patience and for their perceptive editorial suggestions. 2 The distinction between explanations as communicative acts and explanations construed in an 'ontic' mode as sets of facts will not loom large in this paper; throughout, I will presume that the content of communicative acts are the explanatorily relevant facts.

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Genetic Susceptibility to Lead Poisoning

Cited by 51 publications

References 45 publications

No ALAD Polymorphism in Bank Vole Populations from Unpolluted and Lead-Zinc Polluted Areas in Poland

No ALAD Polymorphism in Bank Vole Populations from Unpolluted and Lead-Zinc Polluted Areas in Poland

Genetic susceptibility to lead poisoning—A case report

Explaining Causal Selection with Explanatory Causal Economy: Biology and Beyond

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