Genetic Time Travel

Krause, Johannes; Pääbo, Svante

doi:10.1534/genetics.116.187856

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…2016 ), with ancient DNA samples being sequenced in increasing numbers, to higher quality and from older periods ( Orlando etal. 2015 ; Krause and Paabo 2016 ). We believe that the integration of these two fields will have a synergistic effect, opening new angles to explore how the lives of archaic individuals looked like.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Progress in ancient DNA sequencing technology ( Orlando etal. 2015 ; Krause and Paabo 2016 ) allowed the development of new ways to study ancient environments. For example, shotgun sequencing of ancient DNA from the calcified dental plaque (calculus) of five Neanderthals allowed inference about variation in Neanderthal diet, health, and microbiome ( Weyrich etal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2012 ), see reviews in ( Orlando etal. 2015 ; Krause and Paabo 2016 ; Skoglund and Reich 2016 ; Llamas etal. 2017 ; Nielsen etal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inferring Past Environments from Ancient Epigenomes

Gokhman

Malul

Carmel

2017

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Analyzing the conditions in which past individuals lived is key to understanding the environments and cultural transitions to which humans had to adapt. Here, we suggest a methodology to probe into past environments, using reconstructed premortem DNA methylation maps of ancient individuals. We review a large body of research showing that differential DNA methylation is associated with changes in various external and internal factors, and propose that loci whose DNA methylation level is environmentally responsive could serve as markers to infer about ancient daily life, diseases, nutrition, exposure to toxins, and more. We demonstrate this approach by showing that hunger-related DNA methylation changes are found in ancient hunter-gatherers. The strategy we present here opens a window to reconstruct previously inaccessible aspects of the lives of past individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inferring Past Environments from Ancient Epigenomes

Gokhman

Malul

Carmel

2017

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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“…With strontium and oxygen isotope ratios from tooth enamel, it is possible to identify people of non-local origin via comparison of measured ratios in the tissue of an individual and the local baseline [34][35][36]. Analysis of aDNA, on the other hand, sheds light on a person's ancestry [37][38][39]: compared against a set of available ancient genomes of contemporary and older age from the same region and beyond, the genome of an individual holds key information about locality in terms of genetic continuity or discontinuity in an area through time or in terms of mobility as represented by genetic outlier individuals. While stable isotope analysis has been utilized in archaeology since the 1970s [34,40,41], full genome aDNA analyses on a large scale only became available during the last decade [37,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human mobility at Tell Atchana (Alalakh) during the 2nd millennium BC: integration of isotopic and genomic evidence

Ingman

Eisenmann

Skourtanioti

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The Middle and Late Bronze Age Near East, a period roughly spanning the second millennium BC (ca. 2000-1200 BC), is frequently referred to as the first ‘international age’, characterized by intense and far-reaching contacts between different entities from the eastern Mediterranean to the Near East and beyond. In a large-scale tandem study of stable isotopes and ancient DNA of individuals excavated at Tell Atchana (Alalakh), situated in the northern Levant, we explore the role of mobility at the capital of a regional kingdom. We generated strontium isotope data for 53 individuals, oxygen isotope data for 77 individuals, and added ancient DNA data from 9 new individuals to a recently published dataset of 28 individuals. A dataset like this, from a single site in the Near East, is thus far unparalleled in terms of both its breadth and depth, providing the opportunity to simultaneously obtain an in-depth view of individual mobility and also broader demographic insights into the resident population. The DNA data reveals a very homogeneous gene pool, with only one outlier. This picture of an overwhelmingly local ancestry is consistent with the evidence of local upbringing in most of the individuals indicated by the isotopic data, where only five were found to be ‘non-local’. High levels of contact, trade, and exchange of ideas and goods in the Middle and Late Bronze Ages, therefore, seem not to have translated into high levels of individual mobility detectable at Tell Atchana.

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“…A genetic revolution is coursing through the field of human history, which was up until the last decade mainly trodden by historians and archaeologists (Krause & Paabo, ). Large population genome studies and innovative ancient genome methods are providing new insights into human migration routes and population admixtures, and pinpoint when individuals received certain heritable physical characteristics in the past (Llamas, Willerslev, & Orlando, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%