Genetic variability among Fusarium oxysporum isolates from melon (Cucumis melo) in Qazvin province, Iran

Abstract

<p><em>Fusarium</em> wilt, caused by <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> f. sp. <em>melonis</em> (Fom), the soil-borne fungus that can due to more losses in yield of melon plants. Fusarium is a variable fungi in terms of morphology, symptom production, pathogenicity and wide host range. From 2013 to 2015, 120 isolates of <em>F. oxysporum,</em> <em>F. acuminatum, F. graminearum, </em> <em>F. proliferatum</em> and <em>F. solani</em> from melon, were collected from disease suspected plants from the field and defined for pathogenicity in our melon plants. Then, a sort of those were elected for phylogenetic analysis. In the beginning, the <em>Fusarium</em> isolates were classified based on morphology and identifications were authenticated based on sequence data from, EF1α and DNA, and then were used to determine whether <em>Fusarium</em> variability is relevant to geographic origin and pathogenicity. Neighbor-joining analyses datasets indicated some clades based on geographic origin but there is not even a single clades including solely of pathogens. Because of the factors affecting in pathogenicity are variable, we should be considered them in future studies. Due to the presence of FOM and some nonpathogenic isolates in almost all clades, it is obvious that <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> f. sp. <em>melonis</em> is not monophyletic.</p>

Scanning Electron Microscopy study of root tissue of muskmelon: Transferring Fusarium wilt resistance from snapmelon to muskmelon

“…The disease severity (30%) and disease intensity (25%) was recorded for KP 4 HM-15 while Punjab Sunehri was severely affected by the disease (100%) (Plate 1). The disease severity symptoms matched as described by Mahdikhani (2016). The MH-41 F 1 hybrid exhibited disease reaction similar to the female parent, KP 4 HM-15.…”

“…Fusarium wilt incidence: The general symptoms on Fusarium infection include wilting, necrosis, gum exudates, stunting and discoloration as observed in melon male parent under field conditions (Punja et al, 2001). Mahdikhani (2016) also reported that Fusarium wilt affected melons exhibit prominent symptoms of wilting, yellowing and chlorosis of the foliage, less or no fruit bearing in partially affected vines, and finally decay of roots and death under severe infection conditions. The resistance to Fusarium wilt disease in the male and female parents of the hybrid is low and high, respectively.…”

“…race 1.2 is further categorized as yellow inducing (pathotype 1.2Y) and wilt causing pathotypes (pathotype 1.2W). Mahdikhani (2016) has reported the existence of polyphyletic nature of the melon pathotypes of Fusarium. He reported occurrence of clades sharing isolates infecting watermelon, tomato and muskmelon on phylogenetic analysis of the Translation Elongation Factor 1α (TEF 1α) sequences.…”