Genetic variability and heritability of biofortified grain beans genotypes

Abstract

Bean is the sixth most produced crop in Brazil and it is a great source of protein and minerals in human food. It is possible to select promising genotypes to form biofortified cultivars for various mineral elements, allowing to improve the nutritional quality of the grains. In this study the mineralogical diversity composition in several bean genotypes was analyzed, focusing on the selection of promising parents in the formation of biofortified cultivars. The mineralogical composition of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, potassium and zinc was analyzed. The data were analyzed using the univariate mixed model in a completely randomized design with three replicates per genotype. The results showed high genetic diversity and a possibility of genetic selection rich in calcium, iron, zinc, potassium, magnesium, manganese and phosphorus. All minerals presented high genetic variability and heritability. The richest and most genetically divergent genotypes of the "Pinto bean" commercial group were CNFC 15475 and CNFC 15625, and the black commercial group were CNFP 15310 and CNFP 15304. The selection of biofortified genotypes of elite breeding programs are extremely beneficial in selecting mineralogical rich genotypes, which already have desirable agronomic characteristics.

Genetic parameters and validation of microsatellite markers associated with iron and zinc in common bean

“…The estimate of heritability for Fe concentration in the joint analysis was 69.5%, ranging from 58.5% for 'BRS Requinte' × G2358 to 68.7% for 'BRS Requinte' × 'Porto Real', which indicates a greater possibility of success in the selection of lines from the latter population. These values are similar to those found in several studies, but higher than those reported by Caproni et al (2020) and Queiroz et al (2021) and lower than those obtained by Mukamuhirwa et al (2015), Martins et al (2016), andZanotti et al (2020). For Zn concentration, the estimate of heritability was 53.1%, similar in the two populations (Table 2), being lower than most values reported in the literature (Mukamuhirwa et al, 2015;Martins et al, 2016; Pesq.…”

“…Another important parameter is expected gain from selection. For Fe and Zn concentrations, estimates ranging from 2.7 to 37.9% and from 2.7 to 16.1%, respectively, have already been found (Martins et al, 2016;Zanotti et al, 2020;Queiroz et al, 2021). In most of these studies, the parameters were estimated for lines generated from crosses between parents with high contrasts for Fe and Zn concentrations.…”

“…One of the most important genetic parameters is heritability, which measures the reliability of the phenotypic value as an indicator of the reproductive value. In the literature, heritability estimates ranging from low to high magnitude have been reported for iron and zinc concentrations (Mukamuhirwa et al, 2015;Martins et al, 2016;Caproni et al, 2020;Zanotti et al, 2020;Queiroz et al, 2021).…”

Environmental variability in simultaneous selection of common bean for grain quality and mineral concentration traits

“…Simultaneous selection of grain quality and mineral concentration traits in common bean has recently emerged as a breeding program goal. Common bean genotypes with high grain quality (Silva et al, 2018) and high mineral concentration (Zanotti et al, 2020) were selected according to the rank-sum index based on data obtained from a single experiment. Using data from three experiments in a multiplicative index analysis, Ribeiro et al (2021) selected mineral-biofortified light-and dark-grained cultivars of common bean of high grain quality.…”

Selection strategies for identifying fast cooking, mineral-biofortified bean cultivars with high agronomic performance

“…This is because direct selection allowed for a high genetic gain for traits analyzed individually, but caused undesirable changes in other important traits for selection (Jost et al, 2012;Maziero et al, 2015). Selection indices, in turn, allowed for the identification of superior common bean cultivars for several traits (Arns et al, 2018;Bertoldo et al, 2010;Dias et al, 2020;Gomes et al, 2018;Jost et al, 2012;Maziero et al, 2015;Ribeiro et al, 2019a;Silva et al, 2018;Zanotti et al, 2020), thereby enhancing the efficiency of breeding programs.…”