Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Genetic Divergence for Yield and its Contributing Traits in Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)

Abstract

The experiment on ten genotypes of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) was conducted to work out the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic divergence effects of their various attributes on spike yield. The analysis of variance revealed that mean squares due to treatments were highly significant for all characters. The magnitude of phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters. Expected genetic advance expressed as per cent of mean ranged from 4.83% to 102.96%. The highest of genetic advance as percentage of mean was recorded for number of cormels per plant (102.96%) and lowest for number of spikes per plant and number of spikes per hectare (4.83%). High genetic advance in percent of mean coupled with high heritability was recorded for the characters of number of cormels per plant, weight of cormels per plant, spike yield per hectare, vase life, average weight of spike, duration of flowering, length of spike, days taken for initiation of spike, number of leaves per plant, days taken for complete sprouting, height of plant, percentage of sprouting, number of cormels per plant provide greater scope for further improvement of these traits in advance generations. Genetic advance ranged from 0.066 to 8278.50. The genetic advance is highest for number of spikes per hectare (q) (8278.50) and lowest number of spikes per plant (0.066). The PCV were higher than GCV for all the characters taken in to consideration. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient variations were highest for number of cormels per plant (50.04 and 50.11 respectively) and lowest for number of spike per plant (3.44 and 5.04 respectively). Heritability and genetic advance indicate that the additive nature of gene action and reliability of those characters for selection and emerged as ideal traits for improvement through selection. Heritability and genetic advance indicate that the additive nature of gene action and reliability of those characters for selection and emerged as ideal traits for improvement through selection.

Genetic variability studies in cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] for growth, yield and quality parameters

“…Moderate PCV and GCV were noticed for plant height (90 DAS), pubescence and weight of hundred seeds, which indicates there are no much significant differences for these traits henceforth moderate amount of variation is present in these characters. The similar results are in line with Singh et al (2010b) [24] , Malaghan (2012) [13] , Girish et al (2013) [7] , Manivannan and Anandakumar (2013) [14] , Singh et al (2016) [22] , Goudar et al (2017) [8] , Kumar et al (2017) [12] , Santhosha et al (2017) [21] , Choyal et al (2018) [4] and Rishitha et al (2019) [19] for plant height and Singh et al (2010b) [24] and Gowd et al (2019) [9] for 100 seed weight. Low PCV and GCV were recorded for germination per cent, pod breadth, days to first commencement of flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering and days taken for first vegetable pod harvest.…”

“…Low PCV and GCV were recorded for germination per cent, pod breadth, days to first commencement of flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering and days taken for first vegetable pod harvest. These results are in compliance with Rishitha et al (2019) [19] for germination; Girish et al (2013) [7] and Santhosha et al (2017) [21] for pod breadth; Girish et al (2013) [7] , Goudar et al (2017), Choyal et al (2018) [4] and Reddy et al (2018) [18] for days to 1 st flowering; Kumar et al (2017) [12] , Choyal et al (2018) [4] , Reddy et al (2018) [18] and Rishitha et al (2019) [19] for days to 50 per cent flowering and Singh et al (2010b) [24] , Saini et al (2010) [20] , Girish et al (2013) [7] , Manivannan and Anandakumar (2013) [14] , Kumar et al (2017) [12] , Santhosha et al (2017) [21] , Choyal et al (2018) [4] and Rishitha et al (2019) [19] for days taken for first vegetable pod harvest. This showed the presence of narrow genetic base in the traits.…”

“…The Pharma Innovation Journal http://www.thepharmajournal.com [18] for pod weight; Malaghan (2012), Girish et al (2013) [7] , Singh et al (2016) [22] , Goudar et al (2017) [8] and Santhosha et al (2017) [21] for days to first commencement of flowering; Prakash et al (2008) [16] , Singh et al (2010a) [23] , Singh et al (2010b) [24] , Manivannan and Anandakumar (2013) [14] , Singh et al (2016) [22] , Kumar et al (2017) [12] , Santhosha et al…”

“…(2017) [21] , Gowd et al (2019) [9] and Rishitha et al (2019) [19] for days to first vegetable pod harvesting; Hanchinamani (2004) [10] , Prakash et al (2008) [16] , Kumar et al (2017) [12] and Choyal et al (2018) [4] for seed yield per plant and Prakash et al (2008) [16] , Malaghan (2012) [13] , Girish et al…”

“…It adds organic carbon to the soil by shedding its leaves gradually up until maturity thereby rejuvenating soil health. The immature pods are harvested for vegetable purpose, these nutritious tender fruits are rich source of energy (16 kcal), carbohydrate (10.8 g), protein (3.2 g), fat (1.4 g), moisture (81 g), vitamin A (65.3 IU), vitamin C (49 mg), iron (4.5 mg) and calcium (57 mg) for every 100 g of edible part (Kumar and Singh, 2002) [12] . The dicotyledonous seed consist of three major fractions in cluster bean viz., the hull or husk (14 to 17%) and germ cell/embryo (35 to 42%) and endosperm (43 to 47%).…”