Genetic Variability in Deep-Sea Organisms

Costa, Rodolfo; Bisol, Paolo Maria

doi:10.2307/1540870

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Deep‐water communities can refresh shallower populations and vice versa but generally deep‐water species have more in common with those in other oceans than with their shelf or slope counterparts. The same has been found for deep and shallow shelf environments in the Norwegian Sea (Costa & Bisol ). What unfolds appears to be a pattern of stable deep‐water environments with mixing of the gene pool over the long‐term via a stepping stone mechanism, and potentially less stable or perhaps more specialized shelf habitats that may be temporally ecologically isolated.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Clones or clans: the genetic structure of a deep‐sea sponge,Aphrocallistes vastus,in unique sponge reefs of British Columbia, Canada

2017

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Understanding patterns of reproduction, dispersal and recruitment in deep-sea communities is increasingly important with the need to manage resource extraction and conserve species diversity. Glass sponges are usually found in deep water (>1000 m) worldwide but form kilometre-long reefs on the continental shelf of British Columbia and Alaska that are under threat from trawling and resource exploration. Due to their deep-water habitat, larvae have not yet been found and the level of genetic connectivity between reefs and nonreef communities is unknown. The genetic structure of Aphrocallistes vastus, the primary reef-building species in the Strait of Georgia (SoG) British Columbia, was studied using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Pairwise comparisons of multilocus genotypes were used to assess whether sexual reproduction is common. Structure was examined 1) between individuals in reefs, 2) between reefs and 3) between sites in and outside the SoG. Sixty-seven SNPs were genotyped in 91 samples from areas in and around the SoG, including four sponge reefs and nearby nonreef sites. The results show that sponge reefs are formed through sexual reproduction. Within a reef and across the SoG basin, the genetic distance between individuals does not vary with geographic distance (r = -0.005 to 0.014), but populations within the SoG basin are genetically distinct from populations in Barkley Sound, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. Population structure was seen across all sample sites (global F = 0.248), especially between SoG and non-SoG locations (average pairwise F = 0.251). Our results suggest that genetic mixing occurs across sponge reefs via larvae that disperse widely.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Clones or clans: the genetic structure of a deep‐sea sponge,Aphrocallistes vastus,in unique sponge reefs of British Columbia, Canada

2017

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“…Since the range of adaptive stories is as wide as our minds are fertile, new stories can always be postulated. And if a story is not immediately available, one can always plead temporary ignorance and trust that it will be forthcoming, as did Costa & Bisol (1978), cited above. Secondly, the criteria for acceptance of a story are so loose that many pass without proper confirmation.…”

Section: T Elling Storiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Costa & Bisol (1978), for example, hoped to find a correlation between genetic polymorphism and stability of environment in the deep sea, but they failed. They conclude (1978, pp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme

Gould

Lewontin

1979

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

5,493

913

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An adaptationist programme has dominated evolutionary thought in England and the United States during the past 40 years. It is based on faith in the power of natural selection as an optimizing agent. It proceeds by breaking an organism into unitary ‘traits’ and proposing an adaptive story for each considered separately. Trade-offs among competing selective demands exert the only brake upon perfection; non-optimality is thereby rendered as a result of adaptation as well. We criticize this approach and attempt to reassert a competing notion (long popular in continental Europe) that organisms must be analysed as integrated wholes, with Baupläne so constrained by phyletic heritage, pathways of development and general architecture that the constraints themselves become more interesting and more important in delimiting pathways of change than the selective force that may mediate change when it occurs. We fault the adaptationist programme for its failure to distinguish current utility from reasons for origin (male tyrannosaurs may have used their diminutive front legs to titillate female partners, but this will not explain why they got so small); for its unwillingness to consider alternatives to adaptive stories; for its reliance upon plausibility alone as a criterion for accepting speculative tales; and for its failure to consider adequately such competing themes as random fixation of alleles, production of non-adaptive structures by developmental correlation with selected features (allometry, pleiotropy, material compensation, mechanically forced correlation), the separability of adaptation and selection, multiple adaptive peaks, and current utility as an epiphenomenon of non-adaptive structures. We support Darwin’s own pluralistic approach to identifying the agents of evolutionary change.

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“…Since the range of adaptive stories is as wide as our minds are fertile, new stones can always be postulated. And if a story is not immediately available, one can always plead temporary ignorance and trust that it will be forthcoming, as did Costa & Bisol (1978), cited above. Secondly, the criteria for acceptance of a story are so loose that many pass without proper confirmation.…”

Section: Telling Storiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Europe in crisis – an evolutionary genealogy

Brunkhorst¹

2014

Law and the Formation of Modern Europe

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An adaptationist programme has dominated evolutionary thought in England and the United States during the past forty years. It is based on faith in the power of natural selection as an optimizing agent. It proceeds by breaking an organism into unitary "traits" and proposing an adaptive story for each considered separately. Trade-offs among competing selective demands exert the only brake upon perfection; nonoptimality is thereby rendered as a result of adaptation as well. We criticize this approach and attempt to reassert a competing notion (long popular in continental Europe) that organisms must be analyzed as integrated wholes, with baupläne so constrained by phyletic heritage, pathways of development, and general architecture that the constraints themselves become more interesting and more important in delimiting pathways of change than the selective force that may mediate change when it occurs. We fault the adaptationist programme for its failure to distinguish current utility from reasons for origin (male tyrannosaurs may have used their diminutive front legs to titillate female partners, but this will not explain why they got so small); for its unwillingness to consider alternatives to adaptive stories; for its reliance upon plausibility alone as a criterion for accepting speculative tales; and for its failure to consider adequately such competing themes as random fixation of alleles, production of nonadaptive structures by developmental correlation with selected features (allometry, pleiotropy, material compensation, mechanically forced correlation), the separability of adaptation and selection, multiple adaptive peaks, and current utility as an epiphenomenon of nonadaptive structures. We support Darwin's own pluralistic approach to identifying the agents of evolutionary change.

show abstract

Genetic Variability in Deep-Sea Organisms

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Clones or clans: the genetic structure of a deep‐sea sponge,Aphrocallistes vastus,in unique sponge reefs of British Columbia, Canada

Clones or clans: the genetic structure of a deep‐sea sponge,Aphrocallistes vastus,in unique sponge reefs of British Columbia, Canada

The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme

Europe in crisis – an evolutionary genealogy

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