Genetic variability in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

Abstract

The data were recorded on five random selected plants for 12 quantitative characters and statistical analyzed. The analysis of variance for all the twelve characters is showed the mean square due to genotypes was highly significant. The mean values of various characters like days to 50 per cent flowering were recorded maximum for genotype IC560719 and Pusa Karishma (84.00 days)with mean 69.08 days The maximum days to 75% maturity were observed in IC-560700 genotype (142.00 days) with a mean of 135.07 days. The plant height highest recorded in the genotype IC-560696 (217.60 cm) with mean of 188.14 cm. The maximum number of primary branches per plant (16.47) was recorded in the genotype NPJ-113 with mean of 10.13. The genotype NPJ-113 produced maximum number of secondary branches per plant (35.47) with mean of 19.78. The maximum length of siliqua was recorded for Kranti (7.03) with mean of 5.24cm. The maximum number of seeds per siliqua was recorded in Kranti genotype (19.13) with mean value 14.91. The maximum 1000-seed weight recorded 5.57g for Pusa Jai Kisan with mean wt. 3.96 g. Pusa Mustard-21 produced highest biological yield (191.13g) with mean 79.00g. The genotype Pusa Jagannath had maximum harvest index (30.98%) with mean value 23.87%. The oil content in mustard maximum in 42.00 % were recorded in Pusa Agrani with mean oil content was 39.16 percent. The genotype Pusa Mustard-21 showed highest seed yield per plant (47.00g) with a mean seed yield of 18.58. The higher heritability estimates in broad sense for biological yield per plant (99.6%), number of primary branches per plant (91.4%), number of secondary branches per plant (98.4) plant height (99.2%), 1000-seed weight (99.4%) and days to 50 per cent flowering (98.5). Expected genetic advance at 5% selection intensity was recorded higher for biological yield per plant (71.60) and number secondary branches per plant (10.87).

Assessment of genetic diversity based on agro-morphological traits in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. &Coss.] germplasm

“…Clustering of genotypes was irrespective of their geographical origin and no definite correlation was observed between genetic and geographical diversity. The present findings are in agreement with Saroj et al (2021), Sharma et al (2021), Devi et al (2017), Gupta et al (2015), Pandey et al (2013), Singh et al (2013), Dar et al (2010) and Doddabhimappa et al (2010). Further diverse origin may not always be used as an index for genetic diversity because divergence may also be due to genetic drift and selection pressure as concluded by Kole and Chakraborty (2012) and Murty and Arunachalam (1966).…”

Assessment of chlorophyll mutation in M2 generation of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

“…albina, chlorina, xantha, viridis and alboviridis types were isolated at seedling stage in M 2 generation (Table 1). Similar type of chlorophyll mutants were earlier reported by Khan and Tyagi (2010) [7] in soybean and Gupta et al (2012) [8] in Indian mustard. The occurrence of alboviridis and viridis type was most frequent in genotypes CAULC-2 and NRCHB-101 respectively, and albina was the least in both the genotypes.…”

“…The occurrence of alboviridis and viridis type was most frequent in genotypes CAULC-2 and NRCHB-101 respectively, and albina was the least in both the genotypes. The highest frequency of viridis type was earlier reported by Yadav (1992) [9] and Gupta et al (2012) [8] in B. juncea. The reason for the appearance of greater number of viridis may be attributed to involvement of polygenes in the chlorophyll formation (Nilan and Konzak, 1961) [10] and the genes are probably more responsive to mutagen.…”

Genetic studies of genetic variability and trait associations in mustard spp. (Brassica juncea L. & Brassica carinata A.)

“…Compounding this issue is the alarming decline in cultivable land, limiting opportunities for expansion. To address this, enhancing productivity through the development of high-yielding varieties becomes imperative (Gupta et al, 2023) [4] . Yield, being a fundamental economic trait, results from the complex interaction of various contributing factors.…”