Genetic variability of panicle architecture in indigenous rice landraces of Koraput region of Eastern Ghats of India for crop improvement

Abstract

Panicle architecture is an important character that influence reproductive success and contributes directly to grain yield. In the present study, we evaluated diversity of panicle traits in 77 indigenous rice landraces from Koraput and compared with three popularity cultivated hybrid varieties of the locality for possibility of using in crop improvement program. Significant morphological variations of panicle traits such as panicle number, panicle angle, panicle weight, panicle length, grain number and grain weight were recorded in studied rice landraces. Based on the principal component analysis, first two axis of principal component captures 56.34% of the total variation and indicated significant variability of panicle traits among the genotypes. Panicle length, panicle weight, grain number and flag leaf area are the major determinants of phenotypic diversity. Multiple correlation between traits indicated that panicle weight in studied rice landraces were positively correlated with panicle number, grain number and leaf area and negatively associated with panicle length, panicle angle and chaff number. The genetic advance as percentage of mean (GAM) ranged from 22.19% for panicle length to 147.02% for panicle angle. High GAM along with heritability was observed for panicle number, panicle weight, grain number and chaff number and are important traits for selection during crop improvement. Some of the landraces such as Matidhan, Bhatagurumukhi, Chiklakoli and Kamuntana remarkably showed superior panicle weight along with higher grain number and length of panicle, which can be used in the future rice breeding program.

Genetic variability of panicle architecture in traditional finger millets from Koraput valley of Eastern Ghats for crop improvement

“…It suggested that these parameters are the major determinant for phenotypic diversity in studied genotypes compared to other traits. Similar results of phenotypic diversity of morpho-physiological traits are also proclaimed in traditional rice landraces (Panda et al 2020c) and in underutilized millets (Panda et al 2020b) from Koraput. Based on panicle attributes, genotypic relationship among the studied nger millet genotypes were evaluated by cluster analysis (Fig.…”

“…Kumari and Singh (2016) reported that yield of nger millet relies upon different growth and yield characteristics like lled grain number, panicle number and grain weight. In contrast, it was also reported that variation of grain yield was not necessarily associated with leaf area in cereals like nger millet (Panda et al 2020b) and rice (Subrahmanium 2000;Panda et al 2020c).…”

“…Similar results were also published by Wolie et al (2013) and Kumari and Singh (2015) in different nger millet accessions. High level of heritability and genetic advance will be helpful for selection in crop improvement (Sahu et al 2017;Panda et al 2020c). The genotypes under study showed high broadsense of heritability value for grain yield (82.27%) and panicle weight (75.96%) compared to other traits.…”

Identification of Newer Stable Genetic Sources for High Grain Number per Panicle and Understanding the Gene Action for Important Panicle Traits in Rice

“…Among the traits studied, the NOSPP and the NFGPP exhibited maximum phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, thus ensuring their significance in utilization for grain yield improvement breeding programs [ 36 , 37 ]. The magnitude of the difference between GCV and PCV shows the amount of environmental influence on these traits, and the low difference refers to the occurrence of strong genetic effects [ 38 , 39 ].…”

“…Genetic advance coupled with high heritability is a more reliable measure for determining the usefulness of selection on the traits. Related to our study, high h 2 and GASM combination was observed for the major traits, viz., PH, NFGPP, NOPB, NOSB, TGW, and GYP [ 37 , 41 , 42 ], and thereby allowed for selection in segregating generations in conventional recombination breeding methods.…”