Genetic variability of the Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae)

Abstract

The freshwater prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum is widely distributed in South America, and occupies habitats with a wide range of salinities. Several investigations have revealed the existence of wide intraspecific variability among different populations, although the understanding of this variability is still fragmentary and incomplete. We compared and characterized inland and coastal populations of M. amazonicum from Brazil, using molecular data (16S and COI mtDNA) to describe the degree of variability, structure, and relationships among them. Genetic divergence rates among populations showed variability at the intraspecific level. All the analyses evidenced significant genetic divergence among populations, structuring them in three groups: I- inland waters of the Amazonian Hydrographic Region (HR); II- Paraná/Paraguay HR; and III- coastal systems of northern and northeastern Brazil. Phylogenetic reconstructions revealed that the populations form a single monophyletic clade, which supports their characterization as a single species. Clade I was a sister clade of that formed by clades II and III, which were themselves sister clades. Populations from Sertãozinho/ Miguelópolis and Avaré, introduced into the state of São Paulo, may have originated from natural populations in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Pará, respectively. Geographical isolation probably contributed to the observed variation, and if this isolation continues, M. amazonicum may undergo speciation within its broad geographical distribution. The sequences obtained here can be used as name-tags for population identification, and the DNA barcodes are useful to identify the origin of specimens used in different freshwater-prawn cultures or introduced populations of unknown origin.

Ontogenetic and evolutionary change of external morphology of the neotropical shrimp Potimirim (Holthuis, 1954) explained by a molecular phylogeny of the genus

“…Each generated alignment hypothesis is tested in the tree search process. This method has been used for several invertebrate groups (Schulmeister et al, 2002;Ogden and Whiting, 2005) and is recently being used in decapods phylogenies (Hultgren et al, 2009;Mantelatto et al, 2009b;Pileggi and Mantelatto, 2010;Vergamini et al, 2011). The analysis was rooted with Xiphocaris elongata.…”

Genetic homogeneity in the commercial pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis revealed by COI barcoding gene

“…All new sequences obtained in this study were deposited in GenBank (Table 1). Haplotype analyzes followed the methods used by Vergamini et al (2011) aiming comparison among locations and among species. Sequences were previously aligned with pre-defined parameters in Clustal W program (Thompson et al, 1994), implemented in the program BioEdit 7.0.9.…”

“…The COI gene has been frequently used with success to analyze phylogenetic relationships in many marine crustaceans, including species of Penaeus and other Decapoda (Quan et al, 2001). This gene was chosen for molecular analysis due to its wide variability in evolutionary rates (Moritz et al, 1987), allowing to verify the occurrence of inter-population variation within species, as already done in other studies with shrimps (Gusmão et al, 2000;Vergamini et al, 2011;Terossi and Mantelatto, 2012;Rossi and Mantelatto, 2013). The COI gene is also used as a "barcode" marker for most living animal (Hebert et al, 2003).…”

Discordance in the identification of juvenile pink shrimp ( Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis and F. paulensis : Family Penaeidae): An integrative approach using morphology, morphometry and barcoding

“…The genetic material was obtained and processed in accordance with a SISBIO license for sampling and genetic analysis of decapods (N # 11777-1, Issue Date: 09/16/2007, issued from CGEN to FLM, the coordinator of the Biota FAPESP Thematic project, Process # 2010/50188-8). Considering the wide variability in its evolutionary rate (Moritz et al, 1987), the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI) was chosen for molecular analysis to examine the occurrence of inter-population variation within decapod species, as has previously been performed in other studies of shrimp species (Carvalho-Batista et al, 2014;Gusmão et al, 2000;Terossi and Mantelatto, 2012;Vergamini et al, 2011). The COI gene is also used as a "barcode" for most extant animals (Hebert et al, 2003).…”

“…The analyses followed methods described by Vergamini et al (2011) for comparison between species. The sequences were previously aligned with pre-defined parameters in ClustalW (Thompson et al, 1994) and were implemented in BioEdit 7.0.9.…”