Genetic variants, gene expression, and soluble CD36 analysis in acute coronary syndrome: Differential protein concentration between ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina

Abstract

Background: Atherosclerosis plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). CD36 is a scavenger receptor involved in lipid metabolism. Some single-nucleotide variants in the non-coding region could indirectly alter the expression and the function of the protein. Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the gene and protein expression associated with CD36 variants (rs1194182;C > G; rs1049654;C > A, rs1334512;G > T, and rs3211892;G > A) in ACS patients from the western Mexican population. Methods:We recruited 310 ACS patients and 308 subjects in the control group (CG).Genotyping was determined by TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. CD36 expression at the mRNA level was quantified by TaqMan gene expression assays. Soluble CD36 (sCD36) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:We show that rs1194182G > C variant provides a protective effect with a 1.7-fold lower susceptibility to develop ACS (p = 0.03); however, this association was masked by diabetes and dyslipidemia. We observed a higher sCD36 concentration in patient with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) compared with patients with unstable angina (UA) (p = 0.038). Likewise, in diabetic patients versus non-diabetic (p < 0.001). We observed in patients an increase in CD36 mRNA expression (1.91 times higher) than in the CG (p = 0.02). Conclusion:The rs1194182 seems to be associated with diabetes in a risky manner, in ACS patients and protective for dyslipidemia in both groups. The concentration of sCD36 seems to be associated with the clinical spectrum of the ACS patients and the presence of diabetes, since patients with STEMI present significantly elevated level compared with UA.

Scavenger Receptors in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: The Potential for Disease Evaluation and Therapy

“… 24 The soluble form of CD36 (sCD36) is found in plasma and is a predictor of several metabolic disorders, such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and steatosis. Parra‐Reyna et al 25 showed that sCD36 was significantly higher in patients with ST‐segment–elevation MI (STEMI) than in patients with unstable angina (UA), indicating that sCD36 plasma levels may be associated with the clinical spectrum of patients with MI. However, in another study in which 1516 participants with chronic kidney disease were followed for 4 years, plasma concentrations of sCD36 were not associated with an increased risk of the defined or predefined composite cardiovascular end point and all‐cause mortality.…”

The association of soluble cluster of differentiation 36 with metabolic diseases: A potential biomarker and therapeutic target

“…48 The concentration of sCD36 in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is higher than that in patients with unstable angina, indicating that the concentration of sCD36 may be related to the clinical spectrum of acute coronary syndrome patients. 76 However, M.E. RAC' et al showed that sCD36 was negatively associated with apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio, BMI, waist-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and volume, left atrium diameter, right ventricular end-diastolic diameter and was positively correlated with highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 concentration, 69,77 highlighting a protective role of higher sCD36 in patients with coronary artery disease.…”

“…sCD36 may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing or treating stroke 48 . The concentration of sCD36 in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction is higher than that in patients with unstable angina, indicating that the concentration of sCD36 may be related to the clinical spectrum of acute coronary syndrome patients 76 …”

Association of oxidized ApoB and oxidized ApoA-I with high-risk coronary plaque features in cardiovascular disease

“…Oxidized lipoproteins can be classified as damage-associated molecular patterns, which can directly stimulate inflammation and are also avidly taken up by scavenger receptors on macrophages in the vessel wall. One of these macrophage scavenger or pattern recognition receptors, namely CD36, has been established as an emerging marker of cardiometabolic diseases, including myocardial infarction ( 9 ) and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( 10 ). Another receptor that can bind to oxLDL is lectin-type oxLDL receptor 1 (LOX-1), which triggers inflammation and release of the extracellular domain of this receptor called soluble LOX-1 (sLOX-1).…”