Genetic variation analysis of Chinese strains of porcine circovirus type 2

Wang, Fang; Guo, Xin; Ge, Xinna; Wang, Zhongtian; Chen, Yanhong; Cha, Zhenlin; Yang, Hanchun

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2009.05.015

Cited by 139 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

103

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The worldwide epidemic was successfully controlled by the development of commercial vaccines that contain PCV2a antigen and have been shown to be cross protective (65,66). More recently, the novel genotype PCV2d, first detected in Switzerland in 1999, spread to China, followed by the United States (67)(68)(69). Epidemiological studies suggest that a genotype shift similar to that seen with PCV2b is in progress, with resulting reports of PCV2 vaccine failure and increased clinical disease (70,71).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Porcine Circovirus Distantly Related to Known Circoviruses Is Associated with Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome and Reproductive Failure

Palinski

Piñeyro

Shang

et al. 2017

J Virol

480

744

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) is clinically manifested by postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), respiratory and enteric disease, reproductive failure, and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is an essential component of PCVAD, although an etiologic role in PDNS is not well established. Here, a novel circovirus, designated porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3), was identified in sows that died acutely with PDNS-like clinical signs. The capsid and replicase proteins of PCV3 are only 37% and 55% identical to PCV2 and bat circoviruses, respectively. Aborted fetuses from sows with PDNS contained high levels of PCV3 (7.57 ϫ 10 7 genome copies/ml), and no other viruses were detected by PCR and metagenomic sequencing. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of sow tissue samples identified PCV3 antigen in skin, kidney, lung, and lymph node samples localized in typical PDNS lesions, including necrotizing vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, granulomatous lymphadenitis, and bronchointerstitial pneumonia. Further study of archived PDNS tissue samples that were negative for PCV2 by IHC analysis identified 45 of 48 that were PCV3 positive by quantitative PCR (qPCR), with 60% of a subset also testing positive for PCV3 by IHC analysis. Analysis by qPCR of 271 porcine respiratory disease diagnostic submission samples identified 34 PCV3-positive cases (12.5%), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection of anti-PCV3 capsid antibodies in serum samples found that 46 (55%) of 83 samples tested were positive. These results suggest that PCV3 commonly circulates within U.S. swine and may play an etiologic role in reproductive failure and PDNS. Because of the high economic impact of PCV2, this novel circovirus warrants further studies to elucidate its significance and role in PCVAD.IMPORTANCE While porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) was first identified in sporadic cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in Canada in the early 1990s, an epidemic of severe systemic disease due to PCV2 spread worldwide in the ensuing decade. Despite being effectively controlled by commercial vaccines, PCV2 remains one of the most economically significant viruses of swine. Here, a novel porcine circovirus (PCV3) that is distantly related to known circoviruses was identified in sows with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS) and reproductive failure. PCV2, which has previously been associated with these clinical presentations, was not identified. High levels of PCV3 nucleic acid were observed in aborted fetuses by quantitative PCR, and PCV3 antigen was localized in histologic lesions typical of PDNS in sows by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. PCV3 was also identi- Citation Palinski R, Piñeyro P, Shang P, Yuan F, Guo R, Fang Y, Byers E, Hause BM. 2017. A novel porcine circovirus distantly related to known circoviruses is associated with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome and reproductive failure. J Virol 91:e01879-16.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Porcine Circovirus Distantly Related to Known Circoviruses Is Associated with Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome and Reproductive Failure

Palinski

Piñeyro

Shang

et al. 2017

J Virol

480

744

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The PCV2c genotype has only been found in Denmark to date [31]. In recent years, several reports have suggested that PCV2b is the predominant genotype in many countries worldwide, including Brazil [8,11], Canada [14,15], China [17,21,38], Cuba [29], Denmark [12], Germany [30], Japan [32], Korea [1,2,19,20], Slovakia [37], Spain [10], Sweden [33], Switzerland [39], Thailand [18] and the U.S.A. [6,23]. PCV2b might be more pathogenic than PCV2a [16,32].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic Change and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Taiwanese Pig Herds

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. Two major PCV2 genotypes, PCV2a and PCV2b, have been identified. To explore the prevalence of different subgroups of PCV2 in Taiwan Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVADs) in pigs and causes significant economic losses in most pig-producing countries [27]. PCVADs can be subclinical or can include 1 or more clinical manifestations such as multisystemic disease with weight loss, respiratory signs, enteric signs, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, and reproductive problems individually or in combination in pigs raised on farms or in other groups of pigs [27]. PCVADs are multifactorial syndromes, and factors that are currently thought to influence the outcome of PCV2 infection include the viral strain, the host, coinfections, and immune modulation [27].PCV2 is a small, non-enveloped, circular, single-stranded DNA virus containing a circular genome of 1766-1768 nucleotides [17,34]. PCV2 is a member of the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae [27]. Another member of this genus includes PCV1, which does not produce disease in pigs [35]. The PCV2 genome contains three open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 encodes two replicase proteins, Rep and Rep' [4]. The viral capsid protein is encoded by ORF2 [25], which is involved in the host immune response [24]. The third ORF, ORF3, is in a different reading frame embedded within ORF1 and encodes a protein associated with apoptosis [22].PCV2 viruses are further classified into three genotypes (2a, 2b, and 2c) that differ with respect to the ORF2 sequence [9,26]. The signature motif (amino acid positions 86-89) of ORF2 can be used to distinguish PCV2a and 2b, which contain the TNKI and SNPR (L) motifs, respectively [6]. The PCV2c genotype has only been found in Denmark to date [31]. In recent years, several reports have suggested that PCV2b is the predominant genotype in many countries worldwide, including Brazil [8,11], Canada [14,15] [16,32]. In Taiwan, the first PCV2 outbreak was confirmed in 2001 [3], and a high prevalence of PCV2 infection was noted thereafter. Up to 92% of pig herds and 68.8% of weaned pigs were infected by PCV2 in Taiwan [7]; however, the genotype prevalence of PCV2 in Taiwan is not currently known. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of the PCV2 genotype in Taiwan in the last decade. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimen collection and histopathological examination:Clinical samples (lungs, lymph nodes, spleen, brain and serum) were collected from 785 pigs from 186 herds in central and southern Taiwan during 2002-2011. These samples were mainly acquired from weaning and growing pigs with

show abstract

“…PCV2a and PCV2b genotypes are widely distributed in the world (Allan et al, 1994), and the majority appear to convert from PCV2a to PCV2b (Wang et al, 2009). PCV2 genetically evolves by point mutation and genetic recombination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of natural recombinants derived from PCV2a and PCV2b

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is considered to be the main pathogen in PC-associated diseases, and significantly affects the global pig-producing industry. PCV2 continuously evolves by point mutations and genome recombinations. In the present study, we aimed to further identify recombinant PCV2 strains. We used polymerase chain reaction to detect PCV2 in the carcasses of pigs with suspected infections from different regions of Guangdong Province in China. DNA was extracted from samples with confirmed infection and fullgenome amplification, sequencing, phylogenetic tree construction, gene recombination detection, and sequence alignment were performed in gene recombination analysis. Our results show that recombination occurred between the strains SHC (DQ104421) and ZhuJi2003 (AY579893). The recombination resulted in three recombinants: GD003 (KM503044), GD005 (KM487708), and GD008 (KM487709). Further analyses revealed that these novel recombinants appeared to result from recombination between the PCV2a and PCV2b strains, with crossover regions located in ORF2. This study was a comprehensive analysis that used several different methods, which demonstrated that a cluster of PCV2 strains resulted from the same type of inter-genotypic 11781Recombinants from PCV2 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (4): 11780-11790 (2015) recombination pattern, with a breakpoint in the structural protein coding region. The results of our study provide both information on the recombination mechanism and disease pathogenesis and useful data for the prevention of PCV2 in the swine industry.

show abstract

Genetic variation analysis of Chinese strains of porcine circovirus type 2

Cited by 139 publications

References 23 publications

A Novel Porcine Circovirus Distantly Related to Known Circoviruses Is Associated with Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome and Reproductive Failure

A Novel Porcine Circovirus Distantly Related to Known Circoviruses Is Associated with Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome and Reproductive Failure

Genotypic Change and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Taiwanese Pig Herds

Identification of natural recombinants derived from PCV2a and PCV2b

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About