Genetic variation and hybridisation of black stilts (<i>Himantopus novaezelandiae</i>) and pied stilts (<i>H. h. leucocephalus</i>), Order Charadriiformes

Greene, Brenda

doi:10.1080/03014223.1999.9518196

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, from 1993 to 1999, in response to a genetic study based on only two polymorphic allozymes, which suggested that dark hybrids were genetically intermediate to kakī and poaka (i.e. dark hybrids contained at least some kakī alleles; Greene 1999), dark hybrids were actively managed as kakī: pure and mixed (kakī × dark hybrid) pairs were treated equally, both in the wild and in captivity (Maloney & Murray 2001). A subsequent study that combined available genetic and nongenetic data, which suggested that mixed pairs may suffer reduced reproductive success (Wallis 1999), led to the active exclusion of all non‐kakī (poaka, light hybrids and dark hybrids) from conservation activities from 2000 onwards (Maloney & Murray 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether the apparent maintenance of the species boundary between kakī and poaka is because of a lack of introgression, or in spite of it, remains unclear. Greene (1999) provided some evidence for the genetic distinctiveness of kakī and poaka but failed to provide an adequate measure of introgression between these two species, despite recent claims to the contrary (Morgan‐Richards et al. 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although intensive conservation management increased population size from approximately 23 adults in 1981 to 98 adults (85 wild and 13 captive) in 2010, kakī remain at high risk of extinction (Maloney & Murray 2001). Whereas introduced mammalian predators and widespread habitat loss and degradation are obvious impediments to species recovery (Pierce 1986; Maloney & Murray 2001; Sanders & Maloney 2002), the risk associated with hybridization between native kakī and its non‐native congener, the pied stilt or poaka ( Himantopus himantopus leucocephalus ), is less clear (Greene 1999; Wallis 1999). Poaka self‐introduced from Australia to New Zealand as late as the early 1800s (Pierce 1984a), but their relative numbers did not increase until the mid‐1900s, as kakī numbers declined southward and poaka numbers increased northward (Pierce 1984b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic analyses reveal hybridization but no hybrid swarm in one of the world’s rarest birds

Steeves

Maloney²,

Hale

et al. 2010

Molecular Ecology

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Hybridization facilitated by human activities has dramatically altered the evolutionary trajectories of threatened taxa around the globe. Whereas introduced mammalian predators and widespread habitat loss and degradation clearly imperil the recovery and survival of the New Zealand endemic black stilt or kakī (Himantopus novaezelandiae), the risk associated with hybridization between this critically endangered endemic and its self-introduced congener, the pied stilt or poaka (Himantopus himantopus leucocephalus) is less clear. Here, we combine Bayesian admixture analyses of microsatellite data with mitochondrial DNA sequence data to assess the levels of hybridization and introgression between kakī and poaka. We show that birds classified as hybrids on the basis of adult plumage are indeed of hybrid origin and that hybridization between kakī and poaka is both extensive and bidirectional. Despite this, we found almost no evidence for introgression from poaka to kakī, thus negating the popular belief that kakī represent a hybrid swarm. To our knowledge, ours represents the first comprehensive study to document a lack of widespread introgression for a species at risk despite a recent history of extensive bidirectional human-induced hybridization. We attribute this rather surprising result, in part, to reduced reproductive success in female hybrids combined with a transient male-biased kakī sex ratio. To maximize the evolutionary potential of kakī, we use these data to recommend conservation management activities aimed to maintain the genetic integrity and to maximize the genetic diversity of this iconic rare bird.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic analyses reveal hybridization but no hybrid swarm in one of the world’s rarest birds

Steeves

Maloney²,

Hale

et al. 2010

Molecular Ecology

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“…);l2 Helichrysum lanceolatum x A. bellidioides "Nothofagus fiisca, N. truncata, N. solandri var. cliffortioides (Thomsen 2002;Knapp 2007); lA Himantopus novaezelandiae and H. leucocephalus (Greene 1999;MacAvoy & Chambers 1999;Wallis 1999);…”

Section: Species Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hybridisation between a number of pairs of bird species is thought to have resulted from human-induced changes of species' distributions and abundance (e.g., stilts (MacAvoy & Chambers 1999;Greene 1999) and parakeets (Chan et al 2006)) and cross-fostering of black robins and tomtits (Ma & Lambert 1997). Humans are also implicated in the low numbers of weta on Banks Peninsula (Morgan-Richards & Townsend 1995) and fur seals on Macquarie Island (Lancaster et al 2006) where hybrids have been detected using genetic tools.…”

Section: La Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of genetic analyses of hybridisation in New Zealand

Morgan‐Richards

Smissen

Shepherd

et al. 2009

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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Hybridisation between related taxa has a range of possible biological consequences, ranging from the production of sterile offspring, through introgression of alleles into populations, to the formation of new species. Examples of plant and animal species hybridising with related taxa abound in the New Zealand region. We review New Zealand examples of hybridisation that have been verified with chromosomal, protein or DNA data. Contemporary hybridisation has been studied at hybrid zones where distinct populations meet and mate in a defined and stable zone of contact. The role of human habitat modification is highlighted with examples of recent range changes that have led to hybridisation and subsequent conservation problems. Hybridisation can result in the swamping of endangered species, although it can also act as a bridge for the transfer of adaptations among lineages. Historical hybridisation in New Zealand has been examined with phylogenetics and there are many examples of organelle introgression or capture. The origin of new species of New Zealand stick insects, ferns and daisies via hybridisation has been demonstrated with cytogenetic and DNA sequence evidence. Thus the importance of hybridisation in the evolution of New Zealand's flora and fauna is highlighted.

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Managing shifting species: Ancient DNA reveals conservation conundrums in a dynamic world

Waters

Grosser

2016

BioEssays

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The spread of exotic species represents a major driver of biological change across the planet. While dispersal and colonization are natural biological processes, we suggest that the failure to recognize increasing rates of human-facilitated self-introductions may represent a threat to native lineages. Notably, recent biogeographic analyses have revealed numerous cases of biological range shifts in response to anthropogenic impacts and climate change. In particular, ancient DNA analyses have revealed several cases in which lineages traditionally thought to be long-established "natives" are in fact recent colonizers. Such range expansion events have apparently occurred in response to human-mediated native biodiversity declines and ecosystem change, particularly in recently colonized, isolated ecosystems such as New Zealand. While such events can potentially boost local biodiversity, the spread of exotic lineages may also hasten the decline of indigenous species, so it is essential that conservation managers recognize these rapid biotic shifts..

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Genetic variation and hybridisation of black stilts (Himantopus novaezelandiae) and pied stilts (H. h. leucocephalus), Order Charadriiformes

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Genetic analyses reveal hybridization but no hybrid swarm in one of the world’s rarest birds

Genetic analyses reveal hybridization but no hybrid swarm in one of the world’s rarest birds

A review of genetic analyses of hybridisation in New Zealand

Managing shifting species: Ancient DNA reveals conservation conundrums in a dynamic world

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