Genetic variation and population homogeneity of the sea star Coscinasterias tenuispina (Forcipulatida: Asteroidea) on the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract

Genetic variation and population structure of the sea star Coscinasterias tenuispina were investigated using allozyme electrophoresis (seven polymorphic loci out of nine sampled) at seven sites on the coast of Rio de Janeiro State. Observed values of heterozygosity's were high (HOBS = 0.31 -0.53), although similar to those found for others marine invertebrates. Departures from Hardy-Weinberg expectations were found only for one locus in three populations. No evidence of linkage disequilibrium was found among any loci for any population. The genetic identities vary from 0.882 to 0.988. The average  was low and insignificant statistically ( = 0.017). Furthermore, Bayesian analysis of population partitioning showed that the highest LnP(D) value was achieved for K = 1. These results do not corroborate any effect by upwelling limiting gene flow among the analyzed populations or the hypothesis that the strong sex ratio imbalance previously recorded to Itaipu population has been maintained by asexual reproduction.

Brazilian marine phylogeography: A literature synthesis and analysis of barriers

“…The states with the smallest number of sampled taxa were Amapá and Alagoas with only four taxa each (Table S1). Three taxa presented sample sites located within only one state: otaries (Rio Grande do Sul: Artico et al, 2010), echinoderms (Rio de Janeiro: Calderón et al, 2010; Duarte et al, 2016; Pazoto et al, 2018; Wangensteen et al, 2012) and Kinorhynchs (São Paulo: Randsø et al, 2018). Together with flatworms (= Platyhelminthes, Marigo et al, 2015), phylogeographical studies targeting these taxa concentrated their sampling in southern Brazil (>21°S).…”

“…The number of articles using microsatellites or allozymes was similar (12% and 10%, respectively). The first allozyme study was published in 1991 (Aron & Solé‐Cava, 1991; Russo & Solé‐Cava, 1991) and the latest in 2018 (Pazoto et al, 2018). Only four articles (6%) targeted autotrophic organisms, two terrestrial vascular plants (mangroves) and two red macroalgae.…”

Aquatic Biocommunity and Ecological Effects of Environmental Pollution in Poyang Lake

“…Thanks to this, the ecological environment of the Poyang Lake Basin is relatively lightly eroded by industrialization. Industrial waste only causes local environmental pollution, which is concentrated in cities and counties and towns along the railway., non-ferrous metal industrial and mining areas in southern and northeastern Jiangxi, as well as industrial cities, while most of the villages and hills are less affected by industrial activities, and the ecological environment is relatively good [12]. However, due to insufficient investment in environmental protection funds, the province and prefectures have poor environmental monitoring and pollution control capabilities, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of environmental management in the new century [13].…”

Barriers to gene flow along the Brazilian coast: a synthesis and data analysis

“…The number of articles using microsatellites or allozymes were similar (12% and 10%, respectively). The first allozyme study was published in 1991 (Aron & Solé-Cava, 1991;Russo & Solé-Cava, 1991) and the last in 2018 (Pazoto, Ventura, Duarte, & Silva, 2018). Only four articles (6%) targeted autotrophic organisms, two terrestrial vascular plants (mangroves) and two red macroalgae, and two of them used chloroplast-encoded markers (Ayres-Ostrock et al, 2019;Mori, Zucchi, Sampaio, & Souza, 2015).…”

“…Three taxa presented sample sites located within only one state: otaries (Rio Grande do Sul: Artico et al, 2010), echinoderms (Rio de Janeiro: Calderón, Ventura, Turon, & Lessios, 2010; Duarte, Ventura, & Silva, 2016;Pazoto et al, 2018;Wangensteen, Turon, Pérez-Portela, & Palacín, 2012), and Kinorhynchs (São Paulo: Randsø, Domenico, Herranz, Lorenzen, & Sørensen, 2018). Together with flatworms (= Platyhelminthes, Marigo et al, 2015), phylogeographic studies targeting these taxa concentrated their sampling in the southern Brazil (> 21°S).…”