Genetic variation and selective breeding in hatchery-propagated molluscan shellfish

Boudry, Pierre

doi:10.1533/9781845696474.1.87

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Within Europe, the practice of exchanging oyster stocks between different countries is becoming more common, but we are not aware of any such exchanges between the United Kingdom and the European mainland, probably due to the perceived risk of disease transmission. A third possibility would be to mitigate the risk of inbreeding by implementing oyster rearing based on molecular pedigree assignments (Boudry, ; Lapegue et al, ) as is common practice in fish farming (Vandeputte & Haffray, ). Clearly, hatchery managers need to balance the pros and cons of selective breeding and maximizing genetic diversity, but either way genomic tools such as SNP arrays provide a means of evaluating the genetic consequences of chosen management practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Practical Implications For Oyster Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Detailed insights into pan‐European population structure and inbreeding in wild and hatchery Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) revealed by genome‐wide SNP data

Vendrami

Houston

Gharbi

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

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Cultivated bivalves are important not only because of their economic value, but also due to their impacts on natural ecosystems. The Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) is the world's most heavily cultivated shellfish species and has been introduced to all continents except Antarctica for aquaculture. We therefore used a medium‐density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to investigate the genetic structure of this species in Europe, where it was introduced during the 1960s and has since become a prolific invader of coastal ecosystems across the continent. We analyzed 21,499 polymorphic SNPs in 232 individuals from 23 localities spanning a latitudinal cline from Portugal to Norway and including the source populations of Japan and Canada. We confirmed the results of previous studies by finding clear support for a southern and a northern group, with the former being indistinguishable from the source populations indicating the absence of a pronounced founder effect. We furthermore conducted a large‐scale comparison of oysters sampled from the wild and from hatcheries to reveal substantial genetic differences including significantly higher levels of inbreeding in some but not all of the sampled hatchery cohorts. These findings were confirmed by a smaller but representative SNP dataset generated using restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing. We therefore conclude that genomic approaches can generate increasingly detailed insights into the genetics of wild and hatchery produced Pacific oysters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Practical Implications For Oyster Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed insights into pan‐European population structure and inbreeding in wild and hatchery Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) revealed by genome‐wide SNP data

Vendrami

Houston

Gharbi

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

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“…Once the traits for improvement have been identified, developing an understanding of the genetic basis of the traits is a crucial step toward implementing selective breeding. Three particularly important genetic parameters of interest are heritability, genetic correlations between traits, and interactions between genotypes and environment (Falconer and Mackay, 1996 ; Boudry, 2009 ).…”

Section: Current Status Of Selective Breeding Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The life cycle has been closed for relatively few species, but this does include some of the most valuable species (Table 1 ). The majority of production, even for the species listed in Table 1 , occurs in extensive aquaculture and is dependent on spat harvested from the wild (Boudry, 2009 ; Astorga, 2014 ). However, despite its cost-effectiveness, farming based on the collection of wild seed is subject to environmental risk, including depletion of local stocks, disease outbreaks (Boudry et al, 1997 , 2004 ) and the adverse effects of climate change (Waldbusser et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Tools and Selective Breeding in Molluscs

Hollenbeck

Johnston

2018

Front. Genet.

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The production of most farmed molluscs, including mussels, oysters, scallops, abalone, and clams, is heavily dependent on natural seed from the plankton. Closing the lifecycle of species in hatcheries can secure independence from wild stocks and enables long-term genetic improvement of broodstock through selective breeding. Genomic techniques have the potential to revolutionize hatchery-based selective breeding by improving our understanding of the characteristics of mollusc genetics that can pose a challenge for intensive aquaculture and by providing a new suite of tools for genetic improvement. Here we review characteristics of the life history and genetics of molluscs including high fecundity, self-fertilization, high genetic diversity, genetic load, high incidence of deleterious mutations and segregation distortion, and critically assess their impact on the design and effectiveness of selective breeding strategies. A survey of the results of current breeding programs in the literature show that selective breeding with inbreeding control is likely the best strategy for genetic improvement of most molluscs, and on average growth rate can be improved by 10% per generation and disease resistance by 15% per generation across the major farmed species by implementing individual or family-based selection. Rapid advances in sequencing technology have resulted in a wealth of genomic resources for key species with the potential to greatly improve hatchery-based selective breeding of molluscs. In this review, we catalog the range of genomic resources currently available for molluscs of aquaculture interest and discuss the bottlenecks, including lack of high-quality reference genomes and the relatively high cost of genotyping, as well as opportunities for applying genomics-based selection.

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“…The case of the Pacific oyster in France illustrates this problem (http://wwz.ifremer.fr/velyger). Bivalve hatcheries have thus grown up to complement the wild seed supply for the shellfish industry, and also offering new opportunities for genetic improvement [1]. Today, Pacific oyster is one of the most important bivalve species produced by artificial reproduction [2], but reproductive success and profitability of hatcheries remain inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic identification of quality factors for oocytes in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Corporeau

Vanderplancke

Boulais

et al. 2012

Journal of Proteomics

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We used a 2-DE proteomic approach to identify abundant proteins linked to oocyte quality in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, an economically important bivalve. Oocyte quality of 14 females was estimated by recording fertilisation and early developmental success until D-larval stage under controlled conditions. Proteins that were differentially expressed between females showing high or low oocyte quality were identified by nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Twelve up-accumulated spots associated with low quality oocytes revealed 10 distinct proteins, including vitellogenin - breakdown products and metabolic enzymes. Eight up-accumulated spots from high quality oocytes revealed 6 distinct proteins, including chaperone molecules and cell-cycle control proteins. This is the first proteomic study dedicated to oocytes in C. gigas. Our results improve current knowledge about protein factors associated with oocyte quality in this species, and our understanding of the proteomic processes involved in their developmental competence.

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Genetic variation and selective breeding in hatchery-propagated molluscan shellfish

Cited by 10 publications

References 109 publications

Detailed insights into pan‐European population structure and inbreeding in wild and hatchery Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) revealed by genome‐wide SNP data

Detailed insights into pan‐European population structure and inbreeding in wild and hatchery Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) revealed by genome‐wide SNP data

Genomic Tools and Selective Breeding in Molluscs

Proteomic identification of quality factors for oocytes in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

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