Genetic variation for glutenin and gliadins associated with quality in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. turgidum) landraces from Spain

Abstract

The allelic variation at seven prolamin loci involved in quality has been studied in a set of durum wheat landraces from all the Spanish regions where this crop has been traditionally cultivated. The genetic variability was higher than that found in other germplasm collections. All the loci, except Glu-B2, displayed a genetic variability higher than 0.62, with Glu-3 the most polymorphic. In total, five alleles were studied at Glu-A1, nine at Glu-B1, 15 at Glu-A3, 18 at Glu-B3, two at Glu-B2, and eight at Gli-A1 and Gli-B1. New allelic variants not previously identified in durum wheat were detected. The 30 different genotypes of B low-molecular-weight (B-LMW) glutenin subunits analysed, of which 25 are novel, provide an important source of genetic variability for quality breeding. Protein patterns for convars. durum and turgidum, and for the North and South of Spain were identified for the loci with significant influence on quality. Higher variability was observed in convar. turgidum and in the North zone than in convar. durum and the South, respectively, mainly for the Glu-B1 and Glu-B3. Also, convar. turgidum appeared to be a valuable source for new alleles for the LMW glutenin subunits. Wheats from the South were, however, more diverse for prolamins encoded at Glu-A3.Additional key words: convar. durum, convar. turgidum, germplasm, LMW patterns, prolamin alleles, quality breeding. ResumenVariación genética de las gluteninas y gliadinas asociadas con calidad en variedades locales españolas de trigo duro (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. turgidum) Se ha estudiado la variación alélica en siete loci de prolaminas relacionados con la calidad en un grupo de variedades locales de trigo duro procedentes de todas las provincias españolas donde se cultivaba tradicionalmente. La variabilidad genética encontrada fue mayor que la observada en otras colecciones de germoplasma. Todos los loci, excepto el Glu-B2, mostraron una variabilidad genética mayor que 0,62, siendo los Glu-3 los más polimórficos. En total se estudiaron cinco alelos en el Glu-A1, nueve en el Glu-B1, 15 en el Glu-A3, 18 en el Glu-B3, dos en el Glu-B2 y ocho en el Gli-A1 y Gli-B1. Se han detectado variantes alélicas nuevas que no se habían identificado antes. Los 30 genotipos diferentes analizados de subunidades B de gluteninas de bajo peso molecular (B-LMW), de los cuales 25 son nuevos, representan una fuente importante de variabilidad genética para la mejora de la calidad. Se identificaron patrones de proteínas para las convars. durum y turgidum, y para el norte y sur de España para los loci con influencia significativa en calidad. En la convar. turgidum y en el norte se observó mayor variabilidad que en la convar. durum y en el sur, respectivamente, principalmente en el Glu-B1 y Glu-B3. Además, la convar. turgidum parece ser una fuente valiosa de nuevos alelos para las subunidades LMW de gluteninas. Sin embargo, los trigos del sur son más diversos para las prolaminas codificadas en el Glu-A3.

Allelic variation at high-molecular weight and low-molecular weight glutenin subunit genes in Moroccan bread wheat and durum wheat cultivars

“…At the Glu - B3 locus, the allele Glu - B3d was the most frequent (65%) which had a medium to weak dough properties (Cornish et al 1993; Luo et al 2001). For the Glu - A3 and Glu - B3 , our results were quite different from the Spanish durum landraces (Aguiriano et al 2008), in which they reported the predominance of allele a for both locus. Compared to bread wheat, durum wheat was less variable in glutenin alleles.…”

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Tetraploid Wheats (Triticum turgidum L.) Estimated by SSR, DArT and Pedigree Data

“…Moreover, the collection was assessed for gliadin alleles at four loci: Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-A2 and Gli-B2 . Gliadins were extracted from single seeds and fractioned using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (pH 3.1), according to Lafiandra and Kasarda [49], with their classification according to Riefolo et al [14], Boggini et al [50] and Aguiriano et al [51].…”

Effects of N fertilisation, year and prolamin alleles on gluten quality in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. turgidum) landraces from Spain

“…turgidum) landraces from 27 provinces were selected from the wheat collection maintained in the Plant Genetic Resources Centre at the Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (CRF-INIA). The Bank number, local name, and geographical region of the landraces was described in Aguiriano et al (2008). This sample set was evaluated during two seasons (2001-2002 and 2003-2004) and at two N rates in 2004.…”

“…The prolamin composition of the landraces was reported in Aguiriano et al (2008). HMW glutenin alleles at Glu-1, and B-LMW glutenin alleles at Glu-3 and Glu-B2 were identified with the nomenclature of Payne and Lawrence (1983) and Nieto-Taladriz et al (1997), respectively.…”