Genetic variation in Danish and Norwegian germplasm collections of hops

Solberg, Svein Øivind; Brantestam, Agnese Kolodinska; Kylin, Madeleine; Bjørn, Gitte Kjeldsen; J, Mette Goul Thomsen

doi:10.1016/j.bse.2013.12.014

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…For example, previous work has evaluated the impacts of genotype‐by‐environment interaction on hop aroma and hop quality (Féchir et al., 2022), as well as variation of cone quality within a collection of hops (McAdam et al., 2013); however, efforts to describe cone morphological characteristics have been limited. One study reported variation in cone length, width, shape, and color in 79 different Norwegian and Danish hop lines, but the authors did not mention the sample size, the presence of statistical differences, or the method utilized to collect the data (Solberg et al., 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HopBox: An image analysis pipeline to characterize hop cone morphology

Altendorf,

Heineck,

Wakholi

et al. 2023

The Plant Phenome Journal

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Hop cone morphology can influence picking and drying ability, and color can impact consumer preference and may be indicative of quality. However, these characteristics are not generally evaluated in hop breeding programs due to the tedious nature of trait quantification and the extensive variation among cones within a genotype. We developed the HopBox, which is a simply constructed light box with a camera mount, and a publicly available image processing pipeline that identifies hop cones within color‐corrected images, reads a QR code within the image, and outputs data on hop cone length, width, area, perimeter, openness, weight, color, and density. The trained model was applied to images of 500 cones each from 15 replicated advanced hop genotypes from the USDA‐ARS breeding program in Prosser, Washington. Analysis of variance revealed significant (p < 0.001) differences between genotypes for all traits measured, enabling breeders to discriminate between genotypes for selection purposes. Broad sense heritability for all traits ranged from 0.23 to 0.59. A random sampling of hop cones from the complete dataset revealed that imaging only 5–10 cones adequately captured genotypic variation and provided acceptable rank correlations (rs > 0.75); however, increasing the sample size to 30 provided optimal precision. Instructions for constructing a HopBox and the code for the analysis pipeline are publicly available online and have wide applicability for hop breeding and research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HopBox: An image analysis pipeline to characterize hop cone morphology

Altendorf,

Heineck,

Wakholi

et al. 2023

The Plant Phenome Journal

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“…Another method based on unknown sequences has been the Amplifi ed Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP), which combines RFLP and PCR. It was found to be more sensitive for genotyping of hops (Hartl and Seefelder, 1998;Seefelder et al, 2000;Townsend et al, 2000;Jakše et al, 2001;Patzak, 2001;2002;Fleisher et al, 2004;Townsend and Henning, 2009;Reeves and Richards, 2011;Solberg et al, 2014) and could detect also somaclonal variability (Patzak, 2003;Peredo et al, 2006;. Unknown sequences in molecular hybridization system have also been used in Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) method (Howard et al, 2011) but better identifi cation and determination of hop cultivars is achieved when using DNA sequence specifi c methods such as the previously mentioned STS methods in structural genes (Patzak et al, 2007;Bassil et al, 2008;Castro et al, 2008;Venger et al, 2015).…”

Section: ■ 3 Genetic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Další metodou, využívající neznámé sekvence, byl amplifikovaný délkový polymorfi smus fragmentů (AFLP), který kombinuje RFLP a PCR. Je citlivější pro genotypizaci chmele (Hartl a Seefelder, 1998;Seefelder et al, 2000;Townsend et al, 2000;Jakše et al, 2001;Patzak, 2001;2002;Fleischer et al, 2004;Townsend a Henning, 2009;Reeves a Richards, 2011;Solberg et al, 2014) a dokáže detekovat též somaklonální variabilitu (Patzak, 2003;Peredo et al, 2006;. Neznámé sekvence v systému molekulární hybridizace byly využity v technologii rozlišovacích čipů (DArT) (Howard et al, 2011).…”

Section: ■ 3 Genetické Metodyunclassified

Methods for verifying the authenticity of hops - an effective tool against falsification

Olšovská¹,

Krofta²,

Jandovská³

et al. 2016

Kvasny Prum

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■ 1 ÚVODAutenticita potravin je termín, který jednoduše označuje, zda potraviny nakupované spotřebitelem odpovídají jejich popisu, a je aktuálním tématem v nejrůznějších potravinářských komoditách. Proto je v současné době věnováno mnoho pozornosti a jsou vynakládány nemalé fi nanční prostředky na vývoj analytických metod pro ověřo-vání autenticity potravin, nápojů a jejich surovin.Také chmel je komodita, ve které dochází k falzifi kaci původu a odrůd, což může ve velké míře ovlivnit senzorický profi l piva z něho vyrobeného. Žatecký poloraný červeňák (ŽPČ) je na trhu všeobec-ně považován za světový standard kvality v kategorii aromatických chmelů. Prvotřídní kvalitě odpovídá i vyšší cena. V uplynulých letech bylo zaznamenáno několik opakovaných případů jeho falzifi kace. Falzifi kace Žateckého poloraného červeňáku ve formě granulí byla Recenzovaný článek / Reviewed Paper Olšovská, J., Krofta, K., Jandovská, V., Patzak, J., Štěrba, K., 2016: Metody pro ověřování autenticity chmele -účinný nástroj proti falzifi kaci. Kvasny Prum. 62, č. 10, s. 294-305 K pokusům o falzifi kaci dochází téměř u všech komodit a výjimkou není ani chmel. Je proto nezbytné hledat způsoby, jak ověřovat jeho autenticitu. Přehledový článek shrnuje moderní metody pro ověřování autenticity chmele a uvádí rovněž nejnovější výsledky spolupráce Výzkumného ústavu pivovarského a sladařského, a.s. a Chmelařského institutu, s.r.o., v Žatci. K ověřování autenticity chmele se používají metody chemotaxonomické a genetické. V roce 2015 byly provedeny chemické analýzy novošlechtěných hybridů pro České pivo (obsah a složení alfa a beta kyselin, obsah a složení chmelových silic, obsah celkových polyfenolů) a byly provedeny molekulárně-genetické analýzy 150 vybraných genotypů chmele ze světového sortimentu a šlechtitelského materiálu. Pomocí výsledků byl z testovaných genotypů sestaven přehledný dendrogram. Autoři se dále zabývali profi lováním českých odrůd chmele na základě chemických profi lů proanthokyanidinů a podařilo se jim pomocí klastrové analýzy jasně odlišit odrůdy chmele včetně jejich genetické příbuznosti.Olšovská, J., Krofta, K., Jandovská, V., Patzak, J., Štěrba, K., 2016: Methods for verifying the authenticity of hops -an effective tool against falsifi cation. Kvasny Prum. 62, No. 10, pp. 294-305Falsifi cation attempts occur in almost all commodities and hops is no exception. It is therefore necessary to look for ways to verify its authenticity. This review summarizes modern methods for verifying the authenticity of hops and also provides the latest results of the collaboration of the Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, PLC. and the Hop Research Institute, Ltd., in Žatec. Chemotaxonomic and genetic methods are used to verify the authenticity of hops. Chemical analyzes of newly bred hybrids potentially suitable for Czech beer focused on the content and composition of alpha and beta acids, content and composition of hop oils, and content of total polyphenols were performed and molecular genetic analyses of 150 selected hop genotypes in...

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“…Some commercial cultivars are the results of crosses between native plants from different continents ( 42 ), and some wild populations may be the result of introducing plants into an area and letting them grow wild ( 43 ). Wild populations in various regions have been studied because of their potential value as a source of germplasm for commercial hops cultivation ( 44 – 46 ), or because comparisons of morphological or chemical traits can provide information on relationships among populations ( 47 , 48 ).…”

Section: Taxonomy and Distribution Of Hopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Bitter Acids: Modulation of Rumen Fermentation and Potential As an Alternative Growth Promoter

et al. 2017

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Antibiotics can improve ruminant growth and efficiency by altering rumen fermentation via selective inhibition of microorganisms. However, antibiotic use is increasingly restricted due to concerns about the spread of antibiotic-resistance. Plant-based antimicrobials are alternatives to antibiotics in animal production. The hops plant (Humulus lupulus L.) produces a range of bioactive secondary metabolites, including antimicrobial prenylated phloroglucinols, which are commonly called alpha- and beta-acids. These latter compounds can be considered phyto-ionophores, phytochemicals with a similar antimicrobial mechanism of action to ionophore antibiotics (e.g., monensin, lasalocid). Like ionophores, the hop beta-acids inhibit rumen bacteria possessing a classical Gram-positive cell envelope. This selective inhibition causes several effects on rumen fermentation that are beneficial to finishing cattle, such as decreased proteolysis, ammonia production, acetate: propionate ratio, and methane production. This article reviews the effects of hops and hop secondary metabolites on rumen fermentation, including the physiological mechanisms on specific rumen microorganisms, and consequences for the ruminant host and ruminant production. Further, we propose that hop beta-acids are useful model natural products for ruminants because of (1) the ionophore-like mechanism of action and spectrum of activity and (2) the literature available on the plant due to its use in brewing.

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Genetic variation in Danish and Norwegian germplasm collections of hops

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

HopBox: An image analysis pipeline to characterize hop cone morphology

HopBox: An image analysis pipeline to characterize hop cone morphology

Methods for verifying the authenticity of hops - an effective tool against falsification

Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Bitter Acids: Modulation of Rumen Fermentation and Potential As an Alternative Growth Promoter

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