Genetic variation in native and farmed populations of Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in the Brazilian Amazon: regional discrepancies in farming systems

Aguiar, Jonas da Paz; Schneider, Horácio; Gomes, Fátima; Carneiro, Jeferson; Santos, Simôni; Rodrigues, Luís Reginaldo Ribeiro; Sampaio, Iracilda

doi:10.1590/0001-376520130007

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…In terms of genetic conservation, genetic information into restocking programs along with study of the ecology and monitoring is important to verify the potential of biological and genetic impacts of released fishes on wild populations (GARDNER et al, 2010). On the other hand, a major potential problem is the interaction between farmed specimens and wild population through accidental escapes or intentional releases from fish farms (AGUIAR et al, 2013). Thus, through molecular markers can guide management actions that allow the maintenance of genetic stocks in any productive and conservation purpose.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability of broodstocks of Tambaqui (Teleostei – Characidae) from the northeast region of Brazil

et al. 2015

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The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the genetic diversity within three Tambaqui broodstocks (Colossoma macropomum). Eight primers were used to analyze 67 individuals collected from three fish farming in the municipalities: Porto Real do Colégio -Alagoas (PRC), Araujo 1 -Sergipe (AR1) and Araujo 2 -Sergipe (AR2), in Brazil. Differences in the frequencies of 88 fragments and four exclusive fragments in PRC were found. High polymorphism values (from 54.38% to 64.38%) and Shannon´s index (from 0.33 to 0.37) were observed. The AMOVA showed that high variation is within each broodstock. The identity and the genetic distance among the groups ranged from 0.845 to 0.975 and from 0.025 to 0.156 respectively, and the shortest distance was found in the groups PRC x AR1 and PRC x AR2. The genetic differentiation ranged from lower to higher (F st = 0.03 and 0.178) as well as the migratory number per generation (Nm = 5.07 to 12.8). In general, the broodstocks had high intrapopulation variability, and high differentiation and genetic distance within themselves. Araujo 2 -Sergipe (AR2), Brasil. Foram encontradas diferenças nas frequências de 88 fragmentos, com quatro fragmentos exclusivos em PRC. Observaram-se altos valores de polimorfismo (54,38 a 64,38%) e índice de Shannon (0,33 a 0,37). A AMOVA mostrou que a maior variação está dentro de cada estoque. A identidade e a distância genética entre os agrupamentos variou de 0,845 a 0,975 e 0,025 a 0,156, respectivamente, com menor distância entre os agrupamentos PRC x AR1 e PRC x AR2. A diferenciação genética variou de baixa a alta (F st = 0,03 a 0,178) e o número de migrantes por geração foi baixo a alto (Nm = 5,07 a 12,8). De forma geral, os estoques apresentam alta variabilidade intrapopulacional e alta diferenciação e distância genética entre si.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability of broodstocks of Tambaqui (Teleostei – Characidae) from the northeast region of Brazil

et al. 2015

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“…While the production of C. macropomum is expanding, there are increasing concerns with regard to the maintenance of the genetic diversity of the farmed stocks, inbreeding depression, the potential of the farm stocks for the development of programs of genetic improvement, and the risk of intraspecific hybridization with wild populations. These problems have been aggravated by the history of domestication, the lack of any systematic breeding management, and the potential for interaction with wild populations in the Amazon basin, which makes the genetic improvement of existing stocks ever more necessary (Aguiar et al., ; Lopes et al., ; Queiroz, Sousa, Silva, & Inoue, ; Santos, Santana, Sá Leitão, Paula‐Silva, & Almeida‐Val, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of genetic variability in the captive stocks of tambaqui,Colossoma macropomum(Cuvier, 1818), at breeding centres in Brazil, and their divergence from wild populations

et al. 2018

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The loss of variability in farmed populations and the risks of interactions with wild populations support the need for the genetic monitoring of species farmed throughout the world. In Brazil, the tambaqui is the most widely farmed native fish species. Despite this, there are no data on the pedigree of the farmed stocks, and the potential for interactions with wild populations in the Amazon basin has raised concerns with regard to the genetic variability of these stocks. The present study analysed sequences of the mitochondrial Control Region and 12 microsatellites to characterize the genetic variability of seven historically important commercial tambaqui breeding centres located in four different regions of Brazil, and compared these sequences with those obtained from individuals collected from a wild population. High levels of genetic diversity were found in the wild population, whereas genetic diversity was reduced in both markers in most captive populations, except for the broodstock located near the Amazon River. High FST and DEST indices were recorded between the wild population and most of the captive stocks analysed. The drastic reduction in genetic diversity found in most captive stocks and the difference between these stocks and the wild population may have been the result of the small size of the founding populations and the absence of breeding management. The renewal of the broodstocks and the application of breeding management techniques are recommended. In the Amazon region, in addition, the use of broodstocks that are genetically very different from local wild populations should be avoided.

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“…Due to its economic importance in the Amazon, it is essential to understand the levels of genetic variability and genetic structure patterns present in natural populations to develop management strategies that can keep in check the loss of genetic diversity among natural populations (Aguiar et al ., 2013). …”

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High genetic diversity and connectivity in Colossoma macropomum in the Amazon basin revealed by microsatellite markers

et al. 2017

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Colossoma macropomum is the second largest scaled fish of the Amazon. It is economically important for commercial fisheries and for aquaculture, but few studies have examined the diversity and genetic structure of natural populations of this species. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of genetic variability and connectivity that exist between three natural populations of C. macropomum from the Amazon basin. In total, 247 samples were collected from the municipalities of Tefé, Manaus, and Santarém. The populations were genotyped using a panel of 12 multiplex microsatellite markers. The genetic diversity found in these populations was high and similar to other populations described in the literature. These populations showed a pattern of high gene flow associated with the lack of a genetic structure pattern, indicating that the number of migrants per generation and recent migration rates are high. The values of the FST, RST, and exact test of differentiation were not significant for pairwise comparisons between populations. The Bayesian population clustering analysis indicated a single population. Thus, the data provide evidence for high genetic diversity and high gene flow among C. macropomum populations in the investigated region of the Amazon basin. This information is important for programs aiming at the conservation of natural populations.

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Genetic variation in native and farmed populations of Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in the Brazilian Amazon: regional discrepancies in farming systems

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Genetic variability of broodstocks of Tambaqui (Teleostei – Characidae) from the northeast region of Brazil

Genetic variability of broodstocks of Tambaqui (Teleostei – Characidae) from the northeast region of Brazil

Loss of genetic variability in the captive stocks of tambaqui,Colossoma macropomum(Cuvier, 1818), at breeding centres in Brazil, and their divergence from wild populations

High genetic diversity and connectivity in Colossoma macropomum in the Amazon basin revealed by microsatellite markers

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