Genetic variation in the zoo population of the red panda subspecies <i>Ailurus fulgens fulgens</i>

Princée, F. P. G.

doi:10.1002/zoo.1430070304

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This technique has been applied to the analysis of allele survival in the populations of captive endangered wild animals (MacCluer et al. 1986; Princee 1988; Haig et al. 1990) and domestic animals (Rodriganez et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The procedure is quite simple; two unique alleles are assigned to each founder, and the genotypes of all descendants along the actual pedigree are generated through Monte Carlo simulation following Mendelian segregation rules. This technique has been applied to the analysis of allele survival in the populations of captive endangered wild animals (MacCluer et al 1986;Princee 1988;Haig et al 1990) and domestic animals (Rodriganez et al 1998;Toro et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene dropping analysis of founder contributions in a closed Japanese black cattle population

Honda

Nomura

Fukushima

et al. 2002

Animal Science Journal

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Gene dropping simulation was applied to Japanese Black cattle population in Hyogo prefecture, to examine the survivals of alleles originated from founder animals. In the analysis, unique alleles were assigned to founders, and the genotypes of all descendants along the actual pedigree were generated through Monte Carlo simulation following Mendelian segregation rules. By replicating this process 10 000 times, the distribution of frequencies of alleles from each founder was estimated. From the distribution, several quantities useful for the management of genetic diversity, such as the probability of allele extinction and the probability of alleles surviving at a critically low frequency were derived. The materials used were 68 781 animals born in 1955–1998 and their pedigree records traced back to the population in 1937 or before. The expected number of alleles retained in the population drastically decreased during the analyzed period, and reached to 57.9 in the population of 1998, which was only 3.3% of the total number of alleles assigned to founders. Detailed analysis of major founders with relatively high genetic contributions to the current population revealed that alleles from most of the major founders are now at high risk of future extinction. These results strongly suggest that for the management of genetic diversity, the genetic contributions of founders are not fully informative, and emphasize the importance of the detection of live animals having founder alleles with high extinction possibilities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene dropping analysis of founder contributions in a closed Japanese black cattle population

Honda

Nomura

Fukushima

et al. 2002

Animal Science Journal

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“…Gene dropping has been applied to analyse allele survival in animal populations (MacCluer et al 1986;Princee 1988;Haig et al 1990;Toro et al 2000;Honda et al 2002) and to estimate the probability for the occurrence of homozygous lethal genotypes (LL) at any locus (Ballou 1997). However, only one study was found where gene dropping was used to estimate ancestral inbreeding ), but f a was not defined in the sense of Ballou (1997) as a cumulative proportion.…”

Section: Generationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of ancestral inbreeding coefficients: Ballou’s formula versus gene dropping

et al. 2006

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Estimation of the purging of detrimental effects through inbreeding and selection is an important issue in conservation genetics opening new perspectives for the management of small populations. In 1997 Ballou proposed the ancestral inbreeding coefficient, which is calculated recursively via pedigree inbreeding coefficients, as a tool for evaluating the purging of deleterious alleles in zoo populations. The formula of Ballou assumes independence of inbreeding and ancestral inbreeding coefficients at any stage of the recursion. This study investigates the consequences of this inaccuracy on the estimation of true ancestral inbreeding, i.e. the proportion of alleles within a genome that has undergone inbreeding in the past. As an alternative we propose the estimation of ancestral inbreeding by the method of gene dropping. The methods are compared by stochastic simulation for various models with respect to mode of inheritance (neutral, detrimental and lethal alleles) and different settings for population size and initial allele frequencies. In all scenarios the proportion of alleles within a genome that has undergone inbreeding in the past was overestimated by Ballou's formula. The overestimation was more pronounced in smaller populations but was not affected by genetic model or initial allele frequency. In contrast, the ancestral inbreeding coefficient calculated by gene dropping provided a robust estimate of ancestral inbreeding in most models and settings. A marginal overestimation was observed only in models with lethal alleles. Therefore, we recommend applying the gene dropping approach to estimate ancestral inbreeding coefficients.

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“…Thus, our simple computational model of the animal breeding problem provides a novel, viable and robust approach to designing and comparing breeding strategies in captive populations. Our approach is different from the existing methodology for analysis of breeding strategies in that it does not follow a step-by-step process modeling the state of a population (such as gene dropping (Lacy, 1994;MacCluer et al, 1986;Princée, 1988) or pedigree simulation (Harris et al;Seal and Lacy, 1989)) but rather looks at any such process as an algorithm and uses algorithmic analysis techniques to evaluate and compare various strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A computational approach to animal breeding

Berger-Wolf

Moore

Saia

2007

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Abstract. We propose a computational model of mating strategies for controlled animal breeding programs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first computational model of this problem. We focus on algorithms for two extremes of the possible goals of breeding programs: 1) breeding for maximum genetic diversity and 2) breeding for a target genotype. These two goals are representative of conservation biology and agricultural livestock management respectively. Our main results consist of upper and lower bounds for the average number of matings to achieve these goals in our computational model. For example, we give a breeding algorithm which creates a population of 2 n genetically distinct individuals using no more than about 2.3 · 2 n matings on average. We also give a breeding algorithm which creates a target individual with n desirable traits using no more than 2n log 2 n matings on average.

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Genetic variation in the zoo population of the red panda subspecies Ailurus fulgens fulgens

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Gene dropping analysis of founder contributions in a closed Japanese black cattle population

Gene dropping analysis of founder contributions in a closed Japanese black cattle population

Evaluation of ancestral inbreeding coefficients: Ballou’s formula versus gene dropping

A computational approach to animal breeding

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