Genetic variation of E6 and E7 genes of human papillomavirus 52 from Central China

Li, Shuo; Ye, Mengxia; Yong-lin, Chen; Gong, Quan; Mei, Bing

doi:10.1002/jmv.26690

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…No positive selection sites for HPV16 E6 and E7 genes have been reported in central China [ 37 ]. No positive selection sites for HPV52 E6 and E7 genes have been reported in central and Southwest China [ 38 , 39 ]. In addition, selective pressure analysis from non-Asian population showed different results, with 10R, 14H, 83V in HPV E6 and 85G in HPV16 E7 under positive selective pressure [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis and antigenic epitope prediction for E6 and E7 of Alpha-papillomavirus 9 in Taizhou, China

Yuan,

Yan,

Gan

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Background Alpha-papillomavirus 9 (α-9) is a member of the human papillomavirus (HPV) α genus, causing 75% invasive cervical cancers worldwide. The purpose of this study was to provide data for effective treatment of HPV-induced cervical lesions in Taizhou by analysing the genetic variation and antigenic epitopes of α-9 HPV E6 and E7. Methods Cervical exfoliated cells were collected for HPV genotyping. Positive samples of the α-9 HPV single type were selected for E6 and E7 gene sequencing. The obtained nucleotide sequences were translated into amino acid sequences (protein primary structure) using MEGA X, and positive selection sites of the amino acid sequences were evaluated using PAML. The secondary and tertiary structures of the E6 and E7 proteins were predicted using PSIPred, SWISS-MODEL, and PyMol. Potential T/B-cell epitopes were predicted by Industrial Engineering Database (IEDB). Results From 2012 to 2023, α-9 HPV accounted for 75.0% (7815/10423) of high-risk HPV-positive samples in Taizhou, both alone and in combination with other types. Among these, single-type-positive samples of α-9 HPV were selected, and the entire E6 and E7 genes were sequenced, including 298 HPV16, 149 HPV31, 185 HPV33, 123 HPV35, 325 HPV52, and 199 HPV58 samples. Compared with reference sequences, 34, 12, 10, 2, 17, and 17 nonsynonymous nucleotide mutations were detected in HPV16, 31, 33, 35, 52, and 58, respectively. Among all nonsynonymous nucleotide mutations, 19 positive selection sites were selected, which may have evolutionary significance in rendering α-9 HPV adaptive to its environment. Immunoinformatics predicted 57 potential linear and 59 conformational B-cell epitopes, many of which are also predicted as CTL epitopes. Conclusion The present study provides almost comprehensive data on the genetic variations, phylogenetics, positive selection sites, and antigenic epitopes of α-9 HPV E6 and E7 in Taizhou, China, which will be helpful for local HPV therapeutic vaccine development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis and antigenic epitope prediction for E6 and E7 of Alpha-papillomavirus 9 in Taizhou, China

Yuan,

Yan,

Gan

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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“…Among all HPV types in China, the infection rate of HPV52 was relatively low in the late 1990s but has gradually increased since then [ 6 , 7 , 22 ]. Recently, HPV52 has become the most prevalent type among the Chinese population [ 6 , 8 , 9 , 17 – 19 , 30 ]. Furthermore, the oncogenicity of HPV is mainly attributable to the combined effects of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability in the E6 and E7 oncogenes of HPV52 and its prevalence in the Taizhou area, China

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Virol J

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Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) 52 is one of the prevalent oncogenic HPV genotypes in East Asia. Chinese women have the highest susceptibility to the HPV52 type, but research data on HPV52 genetic variability and its carcinogenicity in China is lacking. Methods The present study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of HPV52 currently circulating among Chinese women by PCR sequencing the entire E6 and E7 oncogenes. HPV52 sequence alignment, genetic heterogeneity analyses and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree construction were performed by BioEdit software and MEGA X software. Results Between 2016 and 2018, the overall HPV infection rate was 21.3%, of which HPV52 was the most prevalent high-risk type (17.2%) in the Taizhou area, China. A total of 339 single HPV52-positive samples were included in this study. We obtained 27 distinct variation patterns of HPV52 with the accession GenBank numbers ON529577-ON529603. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 96.6% of HPV52 variants belonged to lineage B, which seemed to be uniquely defined by G350T, A379G (K93R) in the E6 gene and C751T, A801G in the E7 gene. Due to the dominance of lineage B in our study population, the results could not be used to assess the association of the HPV52 (sub)lineage with the risk of cervical lesions. In addition, no significant trends were observed between the nucleotide substitutions of HPV52 variants and the risk of cervical carcinogenesis. Conclusion Our data showed that HPV52 variants were strongly biased towards lineage B. These results confirmed that cervical lesions in the Taizhou area are highly attributable to HPV52, which may be due to the high infection rate of lineage B in the population.

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“…Infected cells lose their ability to undergo normal differentiation and acquire genetic and epigenetic alterations that contribute to malignant progression. 21,49,[54][55][56] HPV oncoproteins can interact with various host cell factors and signalling pathways, promoting cell survival, proliferation, and immune evasion. For example, E6 and E7 can modulate the activities of cellular proteins involved in DNA repair, apoptosis, cell adhesion, and immune response.…”

Section: Hpv-host Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus infection: Epidemiology, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, and therapeutics

Wolf,

Kist,

Pereira

et al. 2024

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. It is caused by the HPV, a DNA virus that infects epithelial cells in various mucous membranes and skin surfaces. HPV can be categorised into high‐risk and low‐risk types based on their association with the development of certain cancers. High‐risk HPV types, such as HPV‐16 and HPV‐18, are known to be oncogenic and are strongly associated with the development of cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers. These types of HPV can persist in the body for an extended period and, in some cases, lead to the formation of precancerous lesions that may progress to cancer if left untreated. Low‐risk HPV types, such as HPV‐6 and HPV‐11, are not typically associated with cancer but can cause benign conditions like genital warts. Genital warts are characterised by the growth of small, cauliflower‐like bumps on the genital and anal areas. Although not life‐threatening, they can cause discomfort and psychological distress. HPV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also be transmitted through non‐penetrative sexual activities that involve skin‐to‐skin contact. In addition to sexual transmission, vertical transmission from mother to child during childbirth is possible but relatively rare. Prevention of HPV infection includes vaccination and safe sexual practices. HPV vaccines, such as Gardasil and Cervarix, are highly effective in preventing infection with the most common high‐risk HPV types. These vaccines are typically administered to adolescents and young adults before they become sexually active. Safe sexual practices, such as consistent and correct condom use and limiting the number of sexual partners, can also reduce the risk of HPV transmission. Diagnosis of HPV infection can be challenging because the infection is often asymptomatic, especially in men. In women, HPV testing can be done through cervical screening programs, which involve the collection of cervical cells for analysis. Abnormal results may lead to further diagnostic procedures, such as colposcopy or biopsy, to detect precancerous or cancerous changes. Overall, HPV infection is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection with significant implications for public health. Vaccination, regular screening, and early treatment of precancerous lesions are key strategies to reduce the burden of HPV‐related diseases and their associated complications. Education and awareness about HPV and its prevention are crucial in promoting optimal sexual health. This study aimed to carry out a literature review considering several aspects involving HPV infection: Global distribution, prevalence, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, therapeutics, coinfection with other viruses, coinfection with bacteria, association with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, and association with anal cancer.

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Genetic variation of E6 and E7 genes of human papillomavirus 52 from Central China

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Phylogenetic analysis and antigenic epitope prediction for E6 and E7 of Alpha-papillomavirus 9 in Taizhou, China

Phylogenetic analysis and antigenic epitope prediction for E6 and E7 of Alpha-papillomavirus 9 in Taizhou, China

Genetic variability in the E6 and E7 oncogenes of HPV52 and its prevalence in the Taizhou area, China

Human papillomavirus infection: Epidemiology, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, and therapeutics

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