Genetic variation of hatchery and wild stocks of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii (Dunker, 1872), assessed by mitochondrial DNA analysis

Abstract

In order to provide baseline information for the genetic resources, genetic variation in wild and cultured Pinctada fucata martensii from southern Korea and Japan was studied using nucleotide sequence analysis of 379 base pairs (bp) in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI). The study included three hatchery stocks from Korea (Tongyeong) and Japan (Mie and Tsushima) and one wild stock from Korea (Geoje). A total of 3 haplotypes were identified in hatchery stocks of 78 individuals, of which 63 individuals shared 1 haplotype. Overall, nucleotide diversity (p) was low, ranging from 0.000 to 0.002, and haplotype diversity (h) ranged from 0.000 to 0.541. Considerably low haplotype and nucleotide diversities in hatchery stock indicated that low effective population size and consecutive selective breeding of P. fucata martensii could be responsible for the reduction in genetic variation. The wild stock exhibited low haplotype diversity (0.507 ± 0.039) with two shared haplotypes. The results of the present study with first record of wild pearl oyster in Korea support the possibility that the transplanted pearl oyster for overwintering experiments could have survived in winter. In order to enhance and/or maintain genetic diversity in the hatchery stock, further research should be directed toward genetic monitoring and evaluation of the hatchery and wild pearl oysters.

Development of 25 Novel Microsatellite Loci and Genetic Variation Analysis in Breeding Populations of the Pearl Oyster,Pinctada fucata

“…Generally, artificial breeding produce a significant impact on the genetic structure. There are two potential explanations for the low genetic diversity of cultured pearl oysters in the present study (Gwak and Nakayama ). Firstly, a small overall population as well as a small effective population size may lead to the low diversity of cultured P. fucata (Brown et al ; Lind et al ).…”

The recently found Map of the World (Kunyutu 坤輿圖): a philological survey

“…The target loci included the two mitochondrial, 16S ribosomal (rRNA) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (cox1), and the two nuclear internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2. These genes were chosen because they are commonly used in oyster phylogenetic studies and are known to be variable among Pinctada species [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52].…”

DNA Fingerprinting of Pearls to Determine Their Origins

“…The target loci included the two mitochondrial, 16S ribosomal (rRNA) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I ( cox1 ), and the two nuclear internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2. These genes were chosen because they are commonly used in oyster phylogenetic studies and are known to be variable among Pinctada species [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52].…”