Genetic Variation of Landraces of Common Bean Varying for Seed Coat Glossiness and Disease Resistance: Valuable Resources for Conservation and Breeding

Abstract

In this chapter, we outline the significance of landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for unraveling novel morphological, biochemical and genetic variation that could be integrated to breeding programs, related to seed coat color and glossiness and disease resistance. Moreover, we emphasize how important the conservation of such genetic resources is in small-farming areas, the prevailing system for bean cultivation. A particular Brazilian landrace referred as Serro Azul by local farmers is highlighted to show new evidences of the genetic control of seed glossiness in common bean and how it implicates in the seed protection against diseases and insects. Moreover, new findings presented here give insights into a remarkable anthracnose resistance of one of the variants of Serro Azul, which also presents seed coat glossiness. The potential benefits for human health after consuming beans with glossy seed coat are also discussed. This is one among the various landraces that need better understanding for strengthening the knowledge of the genetic diversity of common bean. Such knowledge is important for conducting conservation actions and performing new crosses for providing genetic materials with desirable combinations for farmers, breeders and consumers.

Seed-Coat Pigmentation Plays a Crucial Role in Partner Selection and N2 Fixation in Legume-Root–Microbe Associations in African Soils

“…From Neolithic agriculture some 12,000 years ago to the present time, grain legumes have continued to play a major role in cropping systems [ 9 ]. The evolution of seed-coat pigmentation spans millions of years, reflecting both dynamic environmental pressures and intricate adaptations [ 10 ]. Diversity in seed-coat pigmentation is evident across the plant kingdom and reflects the unique ecological niches and adaptive strategies adopted by different plant species.…”

Seed Coat Pigmentation Plays a Crucial Role in Partner Selection and N2 Fixation in Legume Root-Microbe Associations in African Soils

“…Grain legumes have played an important role in the development of Neolithic agriculture some 12,000 years ago [9] The evolution of seed coat pigmentation spans millions of years, reflecting both dynamic environmental pressures and intricate adaptations [10]. Diversity in seed coat pigmentation is evident across the plant kingdom, and reflects the unique ecological niches and adaptive strategies adopted by different plant species.…”