Genetic Variation of the Host Plant Species Matters for Interactions with Above- and Belowground Herbivores

Kafle, Dinesh; Krähmer, Andrea; Naumann, Annette; Wurst, Susanne

doi:10.3390/insects5030651

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The transient above‐ground herbivory by M. sexta reduced the shoot and root biomass of plants in the short‐term experiment. Similar reductions in the shoot and root biomass of S. dulcamara plants by the generalist above‐ground herbivore Scirpus exigua were found in a previous experiment (Kafle, Krahmer, Naumann, & Wurst, ). In the long‐term experiment, the negative effect of above‐ground herbivory on plant biomass disappeared, while below‐ground herbivory by nematodes reduced the shoot biomass without altering the root biomass.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The transient above-ground herbivory by M. sexta reduced the shoot and root biomass of plants in the short-term experiment. Similar reductions in the shoot and root biomass of S. dulcamara plants by the generalist above-ground herbivore Scirpus exigua were found in a previous experiment (Kafle, Krahmer, Naumann, & Wurst, 2014).…”

Section: Short-and Long-term Effects Of Herbivory On Plant Traits Asupporting

confidence: 85%

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Legacy effects of herbivory enhance performance and resistance of progeny plants

Kafle

Wurst

2018

Journal of Ecology

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Herbivory‐induced changes in plant resistance and tolerance traits can mediate the interaction between spatially and temporally separated above‐ and below‐ground herbivores. However, it is unknown how long the impact of transient herbivory events last or if legacy effects can be detected systemically in the plant and across plant generations. Here, we studied the impact of transient above‐ground herbivory by the specialist caterpillar Manduca sexta on the plant traits of wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata and the consequences for below‐ground root‐knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita in short‐term, long‐term, and transgenerational experiments. In the short‐ and long‐term experiments, above‐ and below‐ground herbivory had significant, albeit independent, impacts on key plant traits such as plant biomass, nutrient content, and secondary metabolites. In addition, herbivory influenced fitness parameters such as seed yield and quality. In the long‐term and transgenerational experiments, transient above‐ground herbivory had facilitating effects on nematodes, irrespective of any treatments of the parental plants. We found evidence for transgenerational legacy effects of both above‐ and below‐ground herbivory on the resistance of progeny plants against above‐ground herbivores. Additionally, below‐ground herbivory in the parental generation increased the root biomass of progeny plants. Synthesis. Our results suggest that herbivory may have a long‐term impact on plant fitness by improving the performance of progeny plants challenged by above‐ and below‐ground herbivory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Short-and Long-term Effects Of Herbivory On Plant Traits Asupporting

confidence: 85%

Legacy effects of herbivory enhance performance and resistance of progeny plants

Kafle

Wurst

2018

Journal of Ecology

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“…Plants are often exposed to attack by insects that feed on roots and aboveground parts of plants, such as leaves, flowers and stems (Kafle et al 2014). Roots are an integral part of the plant system and their function is providing water and nutrients to leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in antioxidant enzyme activities in Pinus sylvestris and Larix decidua seedlings after Melolontha melolontha attack

Skwarek

Patykowski

Witczak

2017

Forest Research Papers

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Abstract. Plants are constantly exposed to the influence of biotic and abiotic stress factors that significantly affect the induction of resistance responses. Biotic factors include bacteria, fungi and insects such as the common cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha) that harm many tree species, including pine and larch. The adult beetles damage needles, while the larvae (grubs) feed on roots. The aim of the experiment was to determine how plants cope with the damage caused by these insects. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined three and six weeks after the insect-induced damage and the results show that the peroxidase activity, as measured with guaiacol (GPOD), was higher in the damaged roots of larch. The POD activity measured with syringaldazine (SPOD) was slightly higher in damaged pine needles as well as pine roots. SOD activity was higher in the damaged roots of both species as compared to the needles. It is believed that changes in the activity of POD and SOD as well as the presence of another form of SOD in the roots of larch, indicate direct involvement of these enzymes in the plants' response to damage caused by M. melolontha.

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Warming, nitrogen deposition, and provenance shift above–belowground insect interactions and host compensatory growth

Zhou,

2024

Ecology

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Above–belowground insect herbivore interactions and plant compensatory growth are crucial for reshaping the fitness of invasive plants, and it is likely that climate warming, nitrogen (N) deposition, and plant provenance influence this interaction and growth in a complex way. We performed an experiment with Solidago canadensis from home and introduced ranges, leaf‐chewing Spodoptera litura, and root‐feeding Protaetia brevitarsis under climate warming and N deposition, and addressed how these abiotic stressors and plant provenance jointly shaped the reciprocal effects between S. litura and P. brevitarsis and the compensatory growth of S. canadensis after herbivory. Under ambient conditions, S. litura and P. brevitarsis inhibited each other on the basis of growth; warming, N addition or warming plus N addition shifted or even reversed this competition depending on provenance. While the survival‐based above–belowground interactions differed from growth‐based ones, warming or warming plus N addition also shifted or even reversed the neutralism or amensalism detected under ambient conditions depending on provenance. S. canadensis from its home range was more tolerant of herbivory than from its introduced range under ambient conditions; warming, N addition or warming plus N addition decreased the plant compensatory growth of native S. canadensis, but increased that of invasive S. canadensis relative to ambient conditions. These findings suggest that climate warming and N deposition could enhance positive above–belowground insect interactions, increasing insect pressures on S. canadensis, and that plant provenance might be important in mediating climate change effects on insect interactions and host compensatory growth under plant invasions.

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Genetic Variation of the Host Plant Species Matters for Interactions with Above- and Belowground Herbivores

Cited by 4 publications

References 53 publications

Legacy effects of herbivory enhance performance and resistance of progeny plants

Legacy effects of herbivory enhance performance and resistance of progeny plants

Changes in antioxidant enzyme activities in Pinus sylvestris and Larix decidua seedlings after Melolontha melolontha attack

Warming, nitrogen deposition, and provenance shift above–belowground insect interactions and host compensatory growth

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