Genetically Engineered Virus-Vectored Vaccines – Environmental Risk Assessment and Management Challenges

Myhr, Anne Ingeborg; Traavik, Terje

doi:10.5772/18028

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Genetically engineered viruses may have potential adverse effects on host tropism and healthy tissues. Genetic modification may produce more virulent viruses that infect a wide range of hosts . It is recommended that further investigation is performed in this regard to evaluate exact mechanisms of OVs in specific cancer cell targeting and the potential hazards of this approach to normal tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potency of oncolytic virotherapy in breast cancer targeting, current status and perspective

Ebrahimi

Ghorbani

Shafiee

et al. 2018

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in women and presents a serious therapeutic challenge worldwide. Traditional treatments are less successful at targeting cancer tumors, leading to recurrent treatment-resistant secondary malignancies. Oncolytic virotherapy (OV) is a novel anticancer strategy with therapeutic implications at targeting cancer cells by using mechanisms that differ from conventional therapies. Administration of OVs either alone or in combination with standard therapies provide new insights regarding the effectiveness and improvement of treatment responses for breast cancer patients. This review summarizes cellular, animal and clinical studies investigating therapeutic potency of oncolytic virotherapy in breast cancer treatment for a better understanding and hence a better management of this disease. K E Y W O R D Sbreast tumor, cancer stem cell, oncolytic virotherapy

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potency of oncolytic virotherapy in breast cancer targeting, current status and perspective

Ebrahimi

Ghorbani

Shafiee

et al. 2018

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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“…In particular, we selected applications that could potentially affect biodiversity or nature conservation and could result in negative effects on human and animal health. Earlier considerations regarding the ERA of GM virus applications, e.g., GM virus vectors for vaccine development [60][61][62], were taken into account for the analysis of the following examples:…”

Section: Considerations For the Assessment Of Environmental Effects O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning the Horizon for Environmental Applications of Genetically Modified Viruses Reveals Challenges for Their Environmental Risk Assessment

Eckerstorfer,

Dolezel,

Miklau

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The release of novel genetically modified (GM) virus applications into the environment for agricultural, veterinary, and nature-conservation purposes poses a number of significant challenges for risk assessors and regulatory authorities. Continuous efforts to scan the horizon for emerging applications are needed to gain an overview of new GM virus applications. In addition, appropriate approaches for risk assessment and management have to be developed. These approaches need to address pertinent challenges, in particular with regard to the environmental release of GM virus applications with a high probability for transmission and spreading, including transboundary movements and a high potential to result in adverse environmental effects. However, the current preparedness at the EU and international level to assess such GM virus application is limited. This study addresses some of the challenges associated with the current situation, firstly, by conducting a horizon scan to identify emerging GM virus applications with relevance for the environment. Secondly, outstanding issues regarding the environmental risk assessment (ERA) of GM virus applications are identified based on an evaluation of case study examples. Specifically, the limited scientific information available for the ERA of some applications and the lack of detailed and appropriate guidance for ERA are discussed. Furthermore, considerations are provided for future work that is needed to establish adequate risk assessment and management approaches.

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“…Altenburg et al [48] Nébié et al [44] Arroyo et al [34] Nieto and Salvetti [30] Babu Appaiahgari and Vrati [33] Ondondo [52] Banchereau and Steinman [36] Pandey et al [27] Bermúdez-Humarán et al [58] Paris et al [43] Bråve et al [28] Ploquin et al [31] Chin'ombe et al [60] Rimmelzwaan and Sutter [55] Choi and Chang [35] Robertson [51] Cottingham et al [56] Rollier et al [11] Croyle et al [41] Saxena et al [39] Dicks et al [40] Smith Tatsis and Ertl [37] Ewer et al [45] Tripp and Tompkins [47] Gómez et al [49] Ulmer et al [3] Hessel et al [54] Ura et al [32] Kreijtz et al [26] Verheust et al [53] Lundstrom [46] Weaver and Barry [42] Mooney and Tompkins [38] Williams et al [29] Myhr et al [50] Youngjoo et al (2013) For the clinical trials analysis, a similar procedure was applied. Instead of searching for CPC codes, data on the technology class of the vaccine was extracted from the previously generated clinical trial database by searching the variable ''Expression System".…”

Section: Patents and Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector-based genetically modified vaccines: Exploiting Jenner’s legacy

Ramezanpour

Haan

Osterhaus

et al. 2016

Vaccine

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The global vaccine market is diverse while facing a plethora of novel developments. Genetic modification (GM) techniques facilitate the design of 'smarter' vaccines. For many of the major infectious diseases of humans, like AIDS and malaria, but also for most human neoplastic disorders, still no vaccines are available. It may be speculated that novel GM technologies will significantly contribute to their development. While a promising number of studies is conducted on GM vaccines and GM vaccine technologies, the contribution of GM technology to newly introduced vaccines on the market is disappointingly limited. In this study, the field of vector-based GM vaccines is explored. Data on currently available, actually applied, and newly developed vectors is retrieved from various sources, synthesised and analysed, in order to provide an overview on the use of vector-based technology in the field of GM vaccine development. While still there are only two vector-based vaccines on the human vaccine market, there is ample activity in the fields of patenting, preclinical research, and different stages of clinical research. Results of this study revealed that vector-based vaccines comprise a significant part of all GM vaccines in the pipeline. This study further highlights that poxviruses and adenoviruses are among the most prominent vectors in GM vaccine development. After the approval of the first vectored human vaccine, based on a flavivirus vector, vaccine vector technology, especially based on poxviruses and adenoviruses, holds great promise for future vaccine development. It may lead to cheaper methods for the production of safe vaccines against diseases for which no or less perfect vaccines exist today, thus catering for an unmet medical need. After the introduction of Jenner's vaccinia virus as the first vaccine more than two centuries ago, which eventually led to the recent eradication of smallpox, this and other viruses may now be the basis for constructing vectors that may help us control other major scourges of mankind.

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Genetically Engineered Virus-Vectored Vaccines – Environmental Risk Assessment and Management Challenges

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

Therapeutic potency of oncolytic virotherapy in breast cancer targeting, current status and perspective

Therapeutic potency of oncolytic virotherapy in breast cancer targeting, current status and perspective

Scanning the Horizon for Environmental Applications of Genetically Modified Viruses Reveals Challenges for Their Environmental Risk Assessment

Vector-based genetically modified vaccines: Exploiting Jenner’s legacy

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