Genetically modified insect resistance in cotton: some farm level economic impacts in India

Morse, Stephen; Bennett, Richard; Ismael, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2004.09.008

Cited by 46 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Results have been mixed in India, but higher economic returns from growing Bt cotton have been reported. The highest economic returns were those reported by Bennett et al [78] and Morse et al [80] who based their findings on a large survey of 9,000 India cotton producers. Both studies found higher returns on Bt cotton plots, however results varied significantly from one year to the other and among sub-regions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Enhancing Sustainability of Cotton Production Systems in West Africa: A Summary of Empirical Evidence from Burkina Faso

2011

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Africa has been hesitant to adopt agricultural biotechnology, lagging behind global trends over the past decade. One exception is Burkina Faso, a West African country that commercially released 125,000 ha of Bt cotton in 2009. Bt cotton may serve as a working example of how African countries can enhance sustainability using modern, science-driven technology to increase production levels while reducing input use and energy consumption. This paper reports the potential impact that Bt cotton can have on sustainability in Burkina Faso's cotton sector based by summarizing empirical evidence from previously published studies. Based on the summary of published data collected from six years of field trials and producer surveys, Bt cotton increased cotton yields by an average of 21.3% and raised income by $106.14 per ha. Using an energy balance model, the introduction of Bt cotton would also result in a 6.6% saving in energy use. The significant increase in productivity and economic returns could be the catalyst for Burkina Faso, and other African countries, to emerge from the decade or so of stagnation and regain their competitive stance in world cotton markets while providing environmental and social benefits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Enhancing Sustainability of Cotton Production Systems in West Africa: A Summary of Empirical Evidence from Burkina Faso

2011

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“…Genetically modified cotton genotypes incorporating a crystal (Cry) toxin producing cry1Ac gene derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), were introduced in India for commercial cultivation in the year 2002 (Morse et al 2005). The transgenic crop, now popularly called Bt cotton, represents about 90% of cotton cultivated area in India.…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of transgenic cottons expressing cry1Ac on soil biological attributes

Velmourougane¹,

Sahu²

2013

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Three transgenic Bt cotton hybrids (RCH-2 Bt, Bunny Bt and NHH 44 Bt) expressing cry1Ac gene were evaluated for their effects on soil biological, microbiological and diversity attributes at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil depth under field conditions. At both soil depths, soil respiration rate and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis were the highest in the soil under Bt cotton grown followed by non-Bt soil, and by the control bulk soil, indicating no adverse effects of Bt cotton on soil microbial activity. Urease and dehydrogenase activities, reflecting potentially available N and the oxidative metabolism in soil, respectively, also increased in the sequence no-crop variant < non-Bt soil < soil under Bt cotton at both soil depths. A similar trend was found with the soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial population and microbial diversity indices. These results suggest that cultivation of Bt cotton expressing cry1Ac gene may not pose ecological or environmental risk.

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“…Furthermore, in some cases, Bt cotton farmers still use insecticides in fear of not achieving the desirable result by GM crop technology particularly in the early stages of adoption . In contrast with significant agronomic effects of Bt cotton, mainly on major decreases in herbicide quantities (Krishna and Qaim, 2012;Morse et al, 2005a in the case of India; Morse et al, 2005b in the case of South Africa), some researchers maintain that reductions in herbicide quantities with regard to the adoption of HT crops are not significant (Qaim and Traxler, 2005).…”

Section: Environmental Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically modified crops and small-scale farmers: main opportunities and challenges

Azadi

Samiee

Mahmoudi

et al. 2015

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

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Although some important features of genetically modified (GM) crops such as insect-resistance, herbicide-tolerance and drought-tolerance might seem beneficial to small-scale farmers, the adoption of GM technology by smallholders is still slight. Identifying pros and cons of using this technology is important to understand the impacts of GM crops on these farmers. This article reviews the main opportunities and challenges of GM crops for small-scale farmers in developing countries. The most significant advantages of GM crops include being independent to farm size, environment protection, improvement of occupational health issues, and the potential of bio-fortified crops to reduce malnutrition. Challenges faced by small-scale farmers for adoption of GM crops comprise availability and accessibility of GM crops seeds, seeds dissemination and price, and lack of adequate information. In addition, R&D and production costs in using GM crops make it difficult for these farmers to adopt these crops. Moreover, intellectual property rights regulations may deprive resource poor farmers from the advantages of GM technology. Finally, concerns on socio-economic and environment safety issues are also addressed in this paper.

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Genetically modified insect resistance in cotton: some farm level economic impacts in India

Cited by 46 publications

References 10 publications

Enhancing Sustainability of Cotton Production Systems in West Africa: A Summary of Empirical Evidence from Burkina Faso

Enhancing Sustainability of Cotton Production Systems in West Africa: A Summary of Empirical Evidence from Burkina Faso

Impact of transgenic cottons expressing cry1Ac on soil biological attributes

Genetically modified crops and small-scale farmers: main opportunities and challenges

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