Genetically Modified Organisms and Its Impact on the Enhancement of Bioremediation

Narasimhan, Manoj Kumar; Muthukumaran, C.; Sharmila, G.; Baskar, G.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7485-1_4

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The range of chemical contaminants that are biodegradable could be vastly improved if existing microorganisms could be purpose-built for compounds like toluene, xylene, and salicylate, that would normally be toxic to endogenous microorganisms. 7,66 Modern technologies like directed evolution can accelerate the search for engineered bacteria that are EPA Regulates all pesticides, insecticides, fungicides, etc., and requires them to be registered and evaluated for safety. Includes engineered pesticidal organisms or their derivatives.…”

Section: ■ Gems In Food and Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Genetically Engineered Microorganisms and Their Regulation in the United States

Shams,

Fischer,

Bodnar

et al. 2024

ACS Synth. Biol.

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Genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) represent a new paradigm in our ability to address the needs of a growing, changing world. GEMs are being used in agriculture, food production and additives, manufacturing, commodity and noncommodity products, environmental remediation, etc., with even more applications in the pipeline. Along with modern advances in genome-manipulating technologies, new manufacturing processes, markets, and attitudes are driving a boom in more products that contain or are derived from GEMs. Consequentially, researchers and developers are poised to interact with biotechnology regulatory policies that have been in effect for decades, but which are out of pace with rapidly changing scientific advances and knowledge. In the United States, biotechnology is regulated by multiple agencies with overlapping responsibilities. This poses a challenge for both developers and regulators to simultaneously allow new innovation and products into the market while also ensuring their safety and efficacy for the public and environment. This article attempts to highlight the various factors that interact between regulatory policy and development of GEMs in the United States, with perspectives from both regulators and developers. We present insights from a 2022 workshop hosted at the University of California, Berkeley that convened regulators from U.S. regulatory agencies and industry developers of various GEMs and GEM-derived products. We highlight several new biotechnologies and applications that are driving innovation in this space, and how regulatory agencies evaluate and assess these products according to current policies. Additionally, we describe recent updates to regulations that incorporate new technology and knowledge and how they can adapt further to effectively continue regulating for the future.

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Section: ■ Gems In Food and Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Genetically Engineered Microorganisms and Their Regulation in the United States

Shams,

Fischer,

Bodnar

et al. 2024

ACS Synth. Biol.

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“…Transfer and expression of novel genes with high degradation capacity also minimize the remediation time. Engineered microbes could remediate a variety of compounds like toluene, octane, naphthalene, salicylate, and xylene by expressing genes encoded in the bacterial plasmid [ 72 ]. There are four different approaches suggested by the researchers: a) manipulating the enzyme affinity and specificity; b) construction of gene and regulatory pathway modifications; c) process development, controlling, and monitoring of bioremediation; and d) employing sensor-based bioaffinity reporters to sense pollutants, reduce toxicity, and predict the end points [ 72 ].…”

Section: Bioengineering Of Microorganisms For Soil Health Restoration By Remediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Engineered microbes could remediate a variety of compounds like toluene, octane, naphthalene, salicylate, and xylene by expressing genes encoded in the bacterial plasmid [ 72 ]. There are four different approaches suggested by the researchers: a) manipulating the enzyme affinity and specificity; b) construction of gene and regulatory pathway modifications; c) process development, controlling, and monitoring of bioremediation; and d) employing sensor-based bioaffinity reporters to sense pollutants, reduce toxicity, and predict the end points [ 72 ]. The ability to incorporate many genes contributing to xenobiotic degradation into a single microbe adds the potential to degrade a wide range of xenobiotics by a single microbe [ 73 ].…”

Section: Bioengineering Of Microorganisms For Soil Health Restoration By Remediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioengineered microbes for soil health restoration: present status and future

et al. 2021

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According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), soil health is declining over the decades and it has an adverse impact on human health and food security. Hence, soil health restoration is a need of the hour. It is known that microorganisms play a vital role in remediation of soil pollutants like heavy metals, pesticides, hydrocarbons, etc. However, the indigenous microbes have a limited capacity to degrade these pollutants and it will be a slow process. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can catalyze the degradation process as their altered metabolic pathways lead to hypersecretions of various biomolecules that favor the bioremediation process. This review provides an overview on the application of bioengineered microorganisms for the restoration of soil health by degradation of various pollutants. It also sheds light on the challenges of using GMOs in environmental application as their introduction may affect the normal microbial community in soil. Since soil health also refers to the potential of native organisms to survive, the possible changes in the native microbial community with the introduction of GMOs are also discussed. Finally, the future prospects of using bioengineered microorganisms in environmental engineering applications to make the soil fertile and healthy have been deciphered. With the alarming rates of soil health loss, the treatment of soil and soil health restoration need to be fastened to a greater pace and the combinatorial efforts unifying GMOs, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, and other soil amendments will provide an effective solution to soil heath restoration ten years ahead.

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“…The possible risks are gene contamination in the native member of microbial consortium, leading to mislaying of the natural trait (Mills et al, 2019;Pineda et al, 2019;Rycroft et al, 2019). The competitiveness between natural and genetically modified species can give rise to selection pressure on non-target microflora (Kumar N. M. et al, 2018;Mohapatra et al, 2019). Moreover, environment and ecosystem risk assessments infer unpredictable and adverse effects, as discussed above (Cervelli et al, 2016;van Dorst et al, 2020).…”

Section: Ecological Safety and Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Strategies for Microbial Remediation of Pollutants via Synthetic Biology

2020

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Continuous contamination of the environment with xenobiotics and related recalcitrant compounds has emerged as a serious pollution threat. Bioremediation is the key to eliminating persistent contaminants from the environment. Traditional bioremediation processes show limitations, therefore it is necessary to discover new bioremediation technologies for better results. In this review we provide an outlook of alternative strategies for bioremediation via synthetic biology, including exploring the prerequisites for analysis of research data for developing synthetic biological models of microbial bioremediation. Moreover, cell coordination in synthetic microbial community, cell signaling, and quorum sensing as engineered for enhanced bioremediation strategies are described, along with promising gene editing tools for obtaining the host with target gene sequences responsible for the degradation of recalcitrant compounds. The synthetic genetic circuit and two-component regulatory system (TCRS)-based microbial biosensors for detection and bioremediation are also briefly explained. These developments are expected to increase the efficiency of bioremediation strategies for best results.

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Genetically Modified Organisms and Its Impact on the Enhancement of Bioremediation

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

Perspectives on Genetically Engineered Microorganisms and Their Regulation in the United States

Perspectives on Genetically Engineered Microorganisms and Their Regulation in the United States

Bioengineered microbes for soil health restoration: present status and future

Alternative Strategies for Microbial Remediation of Pollutants via Synthetic Biology

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