Genetics and epigenetics of eating disorders

Yılmaz, Zeynep; Hardaway, J. Andrew; Bulik, Cynthia M.

doi:10.2147/agg.s55776

Cited by 135 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 259 publications

(245 reference statements)

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“…Genetic explanations focus on the biological mechanisms behind AN. Family, twin, and genetic studies found that AN runs in families [46]. A family history of AN puts people fourfold more at risk and relatives of women diagnosed with AN are 11 times more at risk of developing AN than controls [47,48].…”

Section: Genetic Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, people with a diagnosis of AN have a higher risk of developing OCD or vice versa [50]. Thus, genetic factors are considered responsible for 48-74% of the total variance in liability to AN [46]. Nevertheless, genetic factors cannot alone predict who will develop AN, as most of the cases do not have a familial history of EDs.…”

Section: Genetic Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anorexia Nervosa

Okumuş¹

2020

Weight Management

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Anorexia nervosa is characterized as having a significantly low body weight because of restricting energy intake or compensating to an excessive rate intentionally in order to attain or maintain an unrealistically thin ideal weight. Patients suffer multiple comorbid medical and psychiatric problems; moreover, deficits in treatment motivation are commonly seen, which causes a high rate of dropout from treatment programs. Thus, recent studies have focused on the etiology in order to develop efficient treatment options, as this can become a life-threatening problem. Prevention programs are also gaining attention, since full recovery can take a significant time and resources nevertheless may not be available for all cases. In this chapter, a brief history and basic diagnostic criteria of anorexia nervosa will be summarized. A review of comorbid psychiatric and medical conditions will be addressed. Prominent theories regarding its etiology and treatment options will be discussed in terms of a biopsychosocial approach. Finally, prevention studies will be highlighted.

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Section: Genetic Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetic Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anorexia Nervosa

Okumuş¹

2020

Weight Management

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“…1 Recent advances in technology and the decreased cost of genomic experiments now allow for millions of loci to be examined simultaneously in large numbers of individuals through methods such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and high-throughput exome and whole-genome sequencing. Here we summarize recent eating disorders genetic research with a genome-wide focus.…”

Section: Recent Insights From Molecular Genetic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Replicated heritability estimates for AN range between 0.48 and 0.74; for BN, between 0.55 and 0.62, and for BED, between 0.39 and 0.45. 1 Although all of these studies have been conducted on European-ancestry populations, results have converged to support the role of genetic factors in the etiology of these conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic epidemiology of eating disorders

Bulik

Kleiman

Yılmaz

2016

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Purpose of review We capture recent findings in the field of genetic epidemiology of eating disorders. As analytic techniques evolve for twin, population, and molecular genetics, new findings emerge at an accelerated pace. We present the current status of knowledge regarding the role of genetic and environmental factors that influence risk for eating disorders. Recent findings We focus on novel findings from twin studies, population studies using genetically informative designs, and molecular genetic studies. Over the past two years, research in this area has yielded novel insights into: comorbidity with other psychiatric and medical disorders and with metabolic traits; developmental factors associated with the emergence of eating disorders; and the molecular genetics of anorexia nervosa. Summary Insights from genetic epidemiology provide an important explanatory model for patients with eating disorders, family members, and clinicians. Understanding core biological determinants that explain the severity and persistence of the illnesses, their frequent co-occurrence with other conditions, and their familial patterns raises awareness and increases compassion for individuals living with these disorders. Large scale genomic studies are currently underway. Ultimately, this domain of research may pave the way to greater understanding of the underlying neurobiology and inform the development of novel and effective interventions.

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“…Multiple lines of evidence suggest a notable genetic component in the etiology of AN. Twin studies have estimated the heritability ( h 2 ) of AN to be 0.5-0.6 (Bulik et al , 2006, Yilmaz et al , 2015), and genomic efforts are underway to elucidate the role of genome-wide common variation in the etiology of AN (Boraska et al , 2014, Wang et al , 2011, Duncan et al , 2016). Considering the important role copy number variants (CNVs) play in psychiatric phenotypes (Bergen et al , 2012, Cooper et al , 2011, International Schizophrenia, 2008, Levinson et al , 2011, Malhotra and Sebat, 2012, Sanders et al , 2011, Szatkiewicz et al , 2014), studies are needed to help elucidate their role in AN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of large, rare copy number variants associated with psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders in individuals with anorexia nervosa

Yılmaz¹,

Szatkiewicz²,

Crowley

et al. 2017

Psychiatric Genetics

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious and heritable psychiatric disorder. To date, studies of copy number variants (CNVs) have been limited and inconclusive because of small sample size. We conducted a case-only genome-wide CNV survey in 1,983 female AN cases included in the Genetic Consortium for Anorexia Nervosa (GCAN). Following stringent quality control procedures, we investigated whether pathogenic CNVs in regions previously implicated in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders were present in AN cases. We observed two instances of the well-established pathogenic CNVs in AN cases. Additionally, one case had a deletion in the 13q12 region, overlapping with a deletion previously reported in two AN cases. As a secondary aim, we also examined our sample for CNVs over 1 Mb in size. Out of the 40 instances of such large CNVs which were not previously implicated for AN or neuropsychiatric phenotypes, two of them contained genes with previous neuropsychiatric associations, and only five of them had no associated reports associated in public CNV databases. Although ours is the largest study of its kind in AN, larger datasets are needed to comprehensively assess the role of CNVs in the etiology of AN.

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Genetics and epigenetics of eating disorders

Cited by 135 publications

References 259 publications

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa

Genetic epidemiology of eating disorders

Exploration of large, rare copy number variants associated with psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders in individuals with anorexia nervosa

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