“…Divergence in Western Indonesia.-The first major category of barriers were observed in A. thazard, K. pelamis, R. kanagurta, and S. commerson. similar phylogeographic breaks have been observed in both sessile and motile invertebrates (barber et al 2002, 2006, Deboer et al 2008, Kochzius and Nuryanto 2008, Vogler et al 2008, as well as in damselfish, sygnathids, and caesionids (Lourie et al 2005, timm et al 2008, Drew and barber 2009, Leray et al 2010, Ackiss et al 2013. Divergence of western Indonesian demes including Medan, Nias, and Aceh has likely resulted from reduced pelagic marine habitats, exposure of the sunda shelf during Pleistocene low sea stands, as well as the cooling of surface water temperatures facilitated by upwelling (Fleminger 1986, springer andWilliams 1990).…”