Genetics of Floral Traits Influencing Reproductive Isolation between<i>Aquilegia formosa</i>and<i>Aquilegia pubescens</i>

Hodges, Scott A.; Whittall, Justen B.; Fulton, Michelle; Yang, Jinshui

doi:10.1086/338372

Cited by 134 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Supporting these hypotheses about the adaptive landscape of biotic interactions, drastic differences in pollination syndromes [47,48] and herbivore defenses [49,50] have been observed in closely related organisms. We may expect a greater number of large-effect QTL controlling these traits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comparing the adaptive landscape across trait types: larger QTL effect size in traits under biotic selection

Louthan

Kay

2011

BMC Evol Biol

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BackgroundIn a spatially and temporally variable adaptive landscape, mutations operating in opposite directions and mutations of large effect should be commonly fixed due to the shifting locations of phenotypic optima. Similarly, an adaptive landscape with multiple phenotypic optima and deep valleys of low fitness between peaks will favor mutations of large effect. Traits under biotic selection should experience a more spatially and temporally variable adaptive landscape with more phenotypic optima than that experienced by traits under abiotic selection. To test this hypothesis, we assemble information from QTL mapping studies conducted in plants, comparing effect directions and effect sizes of detected QTL controlling traits putatively under abiotic selection to those controlling traits putatively under biotic selection.ResultsWe find no differences in the fraction of antagonistic QTL in traits under abiotic and biotic selection, suggesting similar consistency in selection pressure on these two types of traits. However, we find that QTL controlling traits under biotic selection have a larger effect size than those under abiotic selection, supporting our hypothesis that QTL of large effect are more commonly detected in traits under biotic selection than in traits under abiotic selection. For traits under both abiotic and biotic selection, we find a large number of QTL of large effect, with 10.7% of all QTLs detected controlling more than 20% of the variance in phenotype.ConclusionThese results suggest that mutations of large effect are more common in adaptive landscapes strongly determined by biotic forces, but that these types of adaptive landscapes do not result in a higher fraction of mutations acting in opposite directions. The high number of QTL of large effect detected shows that QTL of large effect are more common than predicted by the infinitesimal model of genetic adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comparing the adaptive landscape across trait types: larger QTL effect size in traits under biotic selection

Louthan

Kay

2011

BMC Evol Biol

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“…Since the early 1990s, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of floral traits that affect pollinator preference has been carried out in a few plant lineages such as Mimulus [4], Aquilegia [5], Petunia [6], and Iris [7]. These studies suggest that many pollinator-associated floral traits are controlled by few loci with large effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetic control of flower–pollinator specificity

Yuan

Byers

Bradshaw

2013

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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The ca. 275,000 species of flowering plants are the result of a recent adaptive radiation driven largely by the coevolution between plants and their animal pollinators. Identification of genes and mutations responsible for floral trait variation underlying pollinator specificity is critical to understanding how pollinator shifts occur between closely related species. Petunia, Mimulus, and Antirrhinum have provided a high standard of experimental evidence to establish causal links from genes to floral traits to pollinator responses. In all three systems, MYB transcription factors seem to play a prominent role in the diversification of pollinator-associated floral traits.

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“…This distribution includes populations that experience varied photoperiod and temperature regimes. Considerable genetic and genomic research has recently focused on populations of A. formosa found at approximately 38° north latitude and approximately 2,500 meters above sea level [3,40]. These high altitude populations are buried under snow from November through May or June, depending on winter precipitation, and typically flower in July through August.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and molecular analysis of the floral transition in the lower eudicot Aquilegia formosa

Ballerini

Kramer

2011

EvoDevo

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BackgroundFlowering is a critical transition in plant development, the timing of which can have considerable fitness consequences. Until recently, research into the genetic control of flowering time and its associated developmental changes was focused on core eudicots (for example, Arabidopsis) or monocots (for example, Oryza). Here we examine the flowering response of Aquilegia formosa, a member of the eudicot order Ranunculales that is emerging as an important model for the investigation of plant ecology and evolution.ResultsWe have determined that A. formosa has a strong vernalization requirement but little or no photoperiod response, making it a day neutral (DN) plant. Consistent with this, the Aquilegia homolog of FLOWERING LOCUS T (AqFT) is expressed in both long and short days but surprisingly, the locus is expressed before the transition to flowering. In situ hybridizations with homologs of several Arabidopsis Floral Pathway Integrators (FPIs) do not suggest conserved functions relative to Arabidopsis, the potential exceptions being AqLFY and AqAGL24.2.ConclusionsIn Aquilegia, vernalization is critical to flowering but this signal is not strictly required for the transcriptional activation of AqFT. The expression patterns of AqLFY and AqAGL24.2 suggest a hypothesis for the development of Aquilegia's determinate inflorescence whereby their differential expression controls the progression of each meristem from inflorescence to floral identity. Interestingly, none of the Aquilegia expression patterns are consistent with a function in floral repression which, combined with the lack of a FLC homolog, means that new candidate genes must be identified for the control of vernalization response in Aquilegia.

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Genetics of Floral Traits Influencing Reproductive Isolation betweenAquilegia formosaandAquilegia pubescens

Cited by 134 publications

References 20 publications

Comparing the adaptive landscape across trait types: larger QTL effect size in traits under biotic selection

Comparing the adaptive landscape across trait types: larger QTL effect size in traits under biotic selection

The genetic control of flower–pollinator specificity

Environmental and molecular analysis of the floral transition in the lower eudicot Aquilegia formosa

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