Genic capture and resolving the lek paradox

Tomkins, Joseph L.; Radwan, Jacek; Kotiaho, Janne S.; Tregenza, Tom

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2004.03.029

Cited by 544 publications

(472 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Third, female fairy-wrens continue to mate with extragroup sires despite the weakening of sexual selection in some years, which could obscure any benefits that females obtain from choice (Qvarnströ m 2001;Welch 2003). In addition, episodes where choice is ineffectual could reduce the depletion of genetic variation that is predicted under the lek paradox (Kirkpatrick & Ryan 1991), and hence contribute to its explanation (Kokko & Heubel 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thereafter, further evolution should increase the extent of condition dependence as new genes and regulatory sequences are co-opted to affect the trait (Rowe & Houle 1996). Although these propositions have become almost axiomatic, empirical support for both the ideas remains weak (Kotiaho 2001;Cotton et al 2004;Tomkins et al 2004). One obvious but often ignored consequence of condition dependence will be a high level of sensitivity to environmental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Swingin' in the rain: condition dependence and sexual selection in a capricious world

2008

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Signals used in mate attraction are predicted to be highly condition dependent, and thus should be sensitive to environmental contributions to condition. However, the effects of temporal fluctuations in the environment on sexual selection in long-lived animals have been largely ignored. Female superb fairywrens, Malurus cyaneus, use the time that males moult into nuptial plumage prior to the onset of the breeding season to distinguish between the extra-group sires that dominate paternity. Although moult varies predictably with age, and shows marked differences between males, the phenotypic distribution also changes radically with climate; so after dry summers few males can attempt early moult. We use the recently introduced de-lifing technique to examine sexual selection gradients over 15 years of selection. Overall, there was strong evidence of directional sexual selection for early moult. However, sexual selection was much stronger when the conditions were favourable (rainfall was high), and selection was undetectable in some years. The contribution of early moulting males to population growth increased when many males moulted early, decreased when early moulting males suffered disproportionate mortality and decreased when females lacked subordinate helpers, forcing them to cede paternity to their social partner. These data suggest that short-term and laboratory studies of mate choice and sexual selection may misrepresent or underestimate the complexity of the sexual selection landscape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swingin' in the rain: condition dependence and sexual selection in a capricious world

2008

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“…Specifically, sexual selection theory predicts that sexually selected traits are costly to produce (Zahavi 1975) and therefore capture the individual's genetic quality at virtually all loci of genome (Rowe and Houle 1996) – also known as the “genic capture hypothesis” (Tomkins et al. 2004). This implies that sexual selection selects on loci underlying condition that are also subject to natural selection (defined as all nonsexual selection including selection on viability and fecundity sensu Endler 1986), which eventually leads to an alignment of sexual and natural selection to purge deleterious alleles across the genome (Whitlock and Agrawal 2009; Holman and Kokko 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condition dependence of male and female reproductive success: insights from a simultaneous hermaphrodite

Janicke

Chapuis

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Sexually selected traits are predicted to show condition dependence by capturing the genetic quality of its bearer. In separate‐sexed organisms, this will ultimately translate into condition dependence of reproductive success of the sex that experiences sexual selection, which is typically the male. Such condition dependence of reproductive success is predicted to be higher in males than females under conditions promoting intense sexual selection. For simultaneous hermaphrodites, however, sex allocation theory predicts that individuals in poor condition channel relatively more resources into the male sex function at the expense of the female function. Thus, male reproductive success is expected to be less condition dependent than female reproductive success. We subjected individuals of the simultaneously hermaphroditic snail Physa acuta to two feeding treatments to test for condition dependence of male and female reproductive success under varying levels of male–male competition. Condition dependence was found for female, but not for male, reproductive success, meaning that selection on condition is relatively stronger through the female sex function. This effect was consistent over both male–male competition treatments. Decomposition of male and female reproductive performance revealed that individuals in poor condition copulated more in their male role, indicating an increased male allocation to mate acquisition. These findings suggest that sex‐specific condition dependence of reproductive success is at least partially driven by condition‐dependent sex allocation. We discuss the implications of condition‐dependent sex allocation for the evolution of sexually selected traits in simultaneous hermaphrodites.

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“…This extra, intraspecific, level of selection can of course only work if enough of the genetic make-up of the organism influences its sexual success, i.e. when many traits influence the relative success when confronted with competition and choice, a situation known as 'genic capture' (success depends on overall condition, which in turn depends on many genes [35] . Male-male competition is considered a stronger selection force than female choice, and females have larger male populations to choose from in the first set-up, so malebiased populations are expected to show the strongest effect.…”

Section: Intermezzo: Sexual Selection Shows Up Mutational Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, I just want to raise a few theoretical points regarding the possible influence of mito-nuclear interactions on fitness. 'Genic capture' (success correlating with overall condition, resulting from the interactions of many genes [35]), as described above, as well as genetic robustness and negative epistasis [21] complicate the picture. Surprisingly, large mito-nuclear fitness effects on their own do not seem logically compatible with sexual selection.…”

Section: How Important Is Mito-nuclear Coevolution and Adaptation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

What can we infer about the origin of sex in early eukaryotes?

Speijer

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 15 to a theme issue 'Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction'. Current analysis shows that the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) was capable of full meiotic sex. The original eukaryotic life cycle can probably be described as clonal, interrupted by episodic sex triggered by external or internal stressors. The cycle could have started in a highly flexible form, with the interruption of either diploid or haploid clonal growth determined by stress signals only. Eukaryotic sex most likely evolved in response to a high mutation rate, arising from the uptake of the endosymbiont, as this ( proto) mitochondrion generated internal reactive oxygen species. This is consistent with the likely development of full meiotic sex from a diverse set of existing archaeal (the host of the endosymbiont) repair and signalling mechanisms. Meiotic sex could thus have been one of the fruits of symbiogenesis at the basis of eukaryotic origins: a product of the merger by which eukaryotic cells arose. Symbiogenesis also explains the large-scale migration of organellar DNA to the nucleus. I also discuss aspects of uniparental mitochondrial inheritance and mitonuclear interactions in the light of the previous analysis.This article is part of the themed issue 'Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction'.

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Genic capture and resolving the lek paradox

Cited by 544 publications

References 71 publications

Swingin' in the rain: condition dependence and sexual selection in a capricious world

Swingin' in the rain: condition dependence and sexual selection in a capricious world

Condition dependence of male and female reproductive success: insights from a simultaneous hermaphrodite

What can we infer about the origin of sex in early eukaryotes?

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