Genital and Sphincter Behavior of the Male Infant

Halverson, H. M.

doi:10.1080/08856559.1940.9944066

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Spontaneous awakening from sleep is significantly associated with the erection cycle [5] and the association had already documented in the early 1940s [15]. Sleep is different for each individual, but most men have four to five full erections during REM sleep, with each erection lasting about 25-35 minutes.…”

Section: Nocturnal Penile Tumescence Penile Erections During Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do Healthy Men Experience Morning Erections?

Youn¹

2017

Open Psy. J.

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Abstract:People begin the sleep cycle with a period of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, followed by a very short period of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. During a normal night of sleep, humans usually experience about four or five periods of REM sleep. Penile erections have generally been considered to be an epiphenomenon of REM sleep-related physiological changes for healthy males. Thus, men are very likely to awaken in the morning with a REM sleep-related erection, which is also known as nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT). Men who are physically under great strain or serious psychological stress may find it difficult to maintain a psychogenic erection. The best time for them to have sex would be during sleep time, such as when they are experiencing REM sleep-related erections. It is reasonable to assume that the NPT phenomena might have evolved as a tool for having sex, in the context of both procreation and recreation.Keywords : REM sleep, Morning erection, Nocturnal penile tumescence, Sexual intercourse, Procreation, Recreational sex. REM SLEEPMammalian sleep consists of natural cycles of activity in the brain and has distinct states: rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep which consists of Stages 1 through 3 [1]. Typically, people begin the sleep cycle with a period of NREM sleep followed by a very short period of REM sleep. Dreams generally occur in the REM state of sleep [2,3]. Usually, REM sleep occurs 90 minutes after sleep onset. The first period of REM typically lasts 10 minutes, with each recurring REM state lengthening, and the final one lasting up to an hour. That is, the proportion of REM sleep in total sleep time in humans increases as morning approaches. During a normal night of sleep, humans usually experience about four or five periods of REM sleep. REM sleep in adult humans occupies approximately 20-25% of total sleep, or about 90-120 minutes. Some people tend to wake, or experience a period of very light sleep, for a short time immediately after a bout of REM [2 -6].There are many theories about the functions of REM sleep, but they are not understood well. It has been hypothesized that the REM state serves a sentinel function, bringing about a brief, but periodic, awakening after preparing the organism for immediate fight or escape [7,8]. That is, REM sleep activates an animal periodically to scan the environment for possible predators. Such a built-in physiological mechanism presumably would provide maximal security from external danger compatible with minimal disturbance to the continuity of sleep. Apparently, humans are more alert when aroused from REM sleep than NREM sleep [2,8,9]. Many researchers argue that REM sleep serves an important function for the survival of mammalian and avian species. In both humans and experimental animals, REM sleep loss leads to several behavioral and physiological abnormalities [2,8,10,11]. In addition, some researchers state that REM sleep may function to influence and promote social bonding or attachment in the develop...

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Section: Nocturnal Penile Tumescence Penile Erections During Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do Healthy Men Experience Morning Erections?

Youn¹

2017

Open Psy. J.

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“…Halverson [4] described nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) in sleeping infants. He noted that erec tions took place during heightened restlessness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Penile Nocturnal Tumescence and Rigidity Measurement in the Diagnosis of Erectile Impotence

Nueten

Verheyden²,

Camp³

1992

Eur Urol

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“…[2], It all started with Aserinsky' s [ 1 ] exciting discovery of the rapid eye movements (REM) state, a cyclical phenomenon occurring 3-5 times nightly and characterized by intense auto nomic activity synchronized with REM. Erections during sleep had been described as early as 1940 by Halverson [5] and 1944 by Ohlmeyer et al [23]. Suggestions by Aserinsky [ 1 ] and later by Oswald [24] have en couraged other investigators to study the temporal relationship between NPT and REM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erectile Impotence – Clinical Experience with the Phalloplethysmography

Leliefeld¹,

Mühr²

1982

Urol Int

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The clinical experience and results of NPT recording on three different groups of patients (a group of normals, a group with high suspicion of psychogenic impotence and a group of organic impotence with a well-known etiology) are reported here. A new classification of erectile capacity which is not only based on change in circumference of the penis, but also on duration of complete erection and rigidity of the penis is proposed. The phalloplethysmography, which is based on the REM-related tumescence is a reliable method for discrimination between organic and psychogenic impotence. A rigidity test, however, is essentially for the detection of insufficient rigidity in spite of normal penile expansion during NPT recording.

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Genital and Sphincter Behavior of the Male Infant

Cited by 35 publications

References 7 publications

Why Do Healthy Men Experience Morning Erections?

Why Do Healthy Men Experience Morning Erections?

Role of Penile Nocturnal Tumescence and Rigidity Measurement in the Diagnosis of Erectile Impotence

Erectile Impotence – Clinical Experience with the Phalloplethysmography

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