Genital human papillomavirus infection and genotype prevalence among albanian women: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract

HPV circulation is a key feature for the rational design of prevention and screening campaigns. 36A cross-sectional, virological study was conducted on adult Albanian women living either in the 37 Tirana area or in the Duress prefecture. Clinical and gynaecological evaluations were performed 38 according to current standard criteria. HPV detection and typing were carried out by a combined 39 MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+ PCR followed by direct sequencing of generated amplicons. 40Virological data were obtained from 402 out of 452 patients enrolled between January 2004 and 41December 2007. Sixty-one patients (15.1 % of the cohort) were found to be infected with a genital 42 HPV. As expected, viral prevalence was higher among women younger than 30 years of age 43 (25.2%) in comparison to those aged 30 or older (13.6%). HPV 16 was found to be the most 44 frequent type (41% of cases), followed by HPV 53 (7.2%), HPV 31 (5.8%) and HPV 18 (4.3%). 45 HPV 81 and HPV 84, were the most prevalent low risk types detected with prevalences of 11.6 and 46 5.8 %, respectively. No differences were noted in any type specific prevalence between young and 47 mature women. 48The circulation of HPV types is far more complex than assumed generally. Detailed knowledge of 49 HPV type circulating patterns in specific local geographical areas is essential for appropriate 50 implementation of screening, prevention and surveillance campaigns. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59

Assessment of Cervical Cytological Data in Albanian Females

“…The overall prevalence of genital HPV infection in the Albanian population was found to be 15.1% and it ranged from 25.2% in women aged <30 years to 13.6% in women aged ≥30 years (Filipi et al, 2010). These figures are very similar to those observed in many other countries.…”

Molecular analysis and conventional cytology: association between HPV and bacterial vaginosis in the cervical abnormalities of a Brazilian population

“…However, a higher percentage of HPV was observed in North Sardinia, Italy (35.9%); Madrid, Spain (43.2%); France (45.3%); Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (48%); Kuwait (51%); and Texas, USA (63%) (Pannier-Stockman et al, 2008;Fernandes et al, 2009;Al-Awadhi et al, 2011;Martín et al, 2011;Piana et al, 2011;Shen-Gunther and Yu, 2011). In contrast, a lower percentage of infection was found in studies in Sweden (7%) and Albania (15.1%) (Naucler et al, 2009;Filipi et al, 2010). These studies enrolled patient numbers varying from 90 to 2400, which may have influenced the overall values.…”

“…Studies demonstrate that the incorporation of testing for HPV into a screening survey for cervical cancer could reduce its incidence (Ronco et al, 2010) by earlier identification of women at high risk of this cancer (Katki et al, 2011). An HPV test is also accepted as an adjunct to cytology in primary screening for women aged 30 years or older on the basis of results from cohort studies (Naucler et al, 2009;Said et al, 2009;Selva et al, 2009;Filipi et al, 2010;Uusküla et al, 2010 ). In our study, the concordance level for cytological and molecular tests was very low compared with other studies that found up to 68% correlation (Selva et al, 2009;Martín et al, 2011).…”

Prevalence of human papilloma virus types in Turkish and Albanian women

“…In Albania, HPV prevalence has been reported 15.1–43.9%. [ 14 15 ] In a study with a very large numbers of Turkish patients, 25% of women were found to be HPV positive. [ 16 ] This ratio is not compatible with our study (38.05%).…”