Genital mycoplasmas in women attending the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Cameroon

Njunda, Anna Longdoh; Nsagha, Dickson Shey; Assob, Jules Clément Nguedia; Palle, John Ngunde; Kamga, Henri Lucien Fouamno; Nde, Peter F; Ntube, Mengang N C

doi:10.4081/jphia.2011.e16

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The high rate of carriage of genital mycoplasmas in our study population is reminiscent of previous reports in women of reproductive age from neighboring countries, with prevalence rates of 65% in Cameroon [35] and 36% in Nigeria [36]. Genital mycoplasmas apart from M. genitalium (including M. hominis , U. parvum , and U. urealyticum ) are generally considered as commensals of the female uro-genital tract, as they may be found at rates up to 80% in sexually active women [37, 38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Accuracy of Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections and Genital Mycoplasmas Screening by Multiplex Real-Time PCR Using a Self-Collected Veil among Adult Women in Sub-Saharan Africa

Nodjikouambaye

Compain

Sadjoli

et al. 2019

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Background. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. Genital self-sampling may facilitate the screening of STIs in hard-to-reach remote populations far from large health care centers and may increase screening rates. The cross-sectional GYNAUTO-STI study was carried out to assess the performance of a novel genital veil (V-Veil-Up Gyn Collection Device, V-Veil-Up Pharma, Ltd., Nicosia, Cyprus) as a genital self-sampling device to collect genital secretions to diagnose STIs by molecular biology as compared to reference clinician-collected genital specimens, in adult African women. Methods. Adult women living in N’Djamena, the capital city of Chad, were recruited from the community and referred to the clinic for women’s sexual health “La Renaissance Plus”. A clinician obtained an endocervical specimen using flocked swab. Genital secretions were also obtained by self-collection using veil. Both clinician- and self-collected specimens were tested for common curable STIs (including Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Trichomonas vaginalis) and genital Mycoplasma spp. by multiplex real-time PCR (Allplex™ STI Essential Assay, Seegene, Seoul, South Korea). Test positivities for both collection methods were compared by assessing methods agreement, sensitivity, and specificity. Results. A total of 251 women (mean age, 35.1 years) were prospectively enrolled. Only seven (2.8%) women were found to be infected with at least one common STIs [C. trachomatis: 3 (1.2%), N. gonorrhoeae: 1 (0.4%), M. genitalium: 4 (1.6%) and T. vaginalis: 1 (0.4%)], while the prevalence of genital mycoplasmas was much higher (54.2%) with a predominance of Ureaplasma parvum (42.6%). Self-collection by veil was non-inferior to clinician-based collection for genital microorganisms DNA molecular testing, with “almost perfect” agreement between both methods, high sensitivity (97.0%; 95%CI: 92.5-99.2%), and specificity (88.0%; 95%CI: 80.7-93.3%). Remarkably, the mean total number of genital microorganisms detected per woman was 1.14-fold higher in self-collected specimens compared to that in clinician-collected specimens. Conclusions. Veil-based self-collection of female genital secretions constitutes a convenient tool to collect in gentle way cervicovaginal secretions for accurate molecular detection of genital bacteria. Such sampling procedure could be easily implemented in STIs clinics in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Accuracy of Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections and Genital Mycoplasmas Screening by Multiplex Real-Time PCR Using a Self-Collected Veil among Adult Women in Sub-Saharan Africa

Nodjikouambaye

Compain

Sadjoli

et al. 2019

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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“…Mycoplasmas are thus frequently isolated microorganisms from the genital tract of women,[30] but various prevalence rates of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma infections have been reported. A study conducted in Cameroon revealed a prevalence of Mycoplasma at 48%,[31] and the Mycoplasma prevalence was evaluated at 42.8% in a study conducted in Korea. [32] Higher prevalence (80%) was reported in South Africa[33] and Papua New Guinea (70% for M. hominis and 78% for U. urealyticum ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study ofTrichomonas vaginalisInfection and Correlates in Women with Vaginal Discharge Referred at Fann Teaching Hospital in Senegal

Tine

Sylla

et al. 2019

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Introduction. Trichomoniasis is nowadays the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infection in the world. In Senegal, the epidemiology of trichomoniasis is not well known. The current study aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with T. vaginalis infection among women with vaginal discharge. Methods. A retrospective analysis of laboratory records from patients referred at the Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar, Senegal, for vaginal discharge was carried out. The study covered the period from 2006 to 2011. For each participating woman, a vaginal swab was collected and a wet mount smear performed immediately. Optic microscopic examination with 40x magnification was done to detect T. vaginalis and assess biological modifications such as presence of epithelial cells, white blood cells, and red blood cells. A gram stained smear was also performed and examined under oil immersion (100x magnification) to assess the vaginal flora. Results. Overall, 3893 women were enrolled with a mean age at 31.2 ± 10 years. The prevalence of Trichomoniasis represented 4.8%, 95%CI(3.1-5.7) and it was lower among women less than 30 years (4.1%), while divorced women more likely to be infected compared to married and single women (aOR:2.1, 95%CI (1.2-3.7)). Trichomoniasis was associated with abnormal vaginal flora such as type III (aOR:2.6, 95%CI(1.5-4.4)) and type IV (aOR:3.3, 95%CI(2.1-5.3)). In addition, patients with erythrocytes excretion were more likely to be infected by T. vaginalis (aOR:2.8, 95%CI(1.9-3.9). Conclusion. Trichomonas vaginalis remains prevalent among sexually active women. Strategies aiming at improving disease awareness in these high-risk groups are needed to improve trichomoniasis prevention but extensive epidemiological data are still needed for a better understanding of the disease transmission dynamic.

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“…The prevalence of M. hominis among women reportedly ranges between 0.6% and 50.4% [12][13][14][15]. Bhatt et al reported a prevalence of 14.2% for M. hominis in women with genital tract infections [16].…”

Section: Isolation Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of Mycoplasma hominis in Outpatients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in East India

Majhi¹,

Mohapatra²,

Chayani³

2022

Cureus

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IntroductionMycoplasma hominis (M. hominis) is the first Mycoplasma isolated from humans in the year 1937. Though regarded as a commensal of the urogenital tract, it has been implicated in various genital and extra-genital infections namely bacterial vaginosis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory diseases, pyelonephritis, premature rupture of the membrane in pregnancy, infertility, sepsis in newborns, etc. The pathogenesis, prevalence, and epidemiology of genital mycoplasmas in general and M. hominis in particular in Indian women have been studied very minimally. This study aimed to study the prevalence of M. hominis carriage among symptomatic and asymptomatic sexually active women attending to the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in East India with or without clinically suspected genitourinary infections and to compare the detection of M. hominis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as compared to that of culture. MethodsIn this observational study, sterile Dacron swabs were used to collect two samples each from the genitourinary tract of 110 sexually active women aged 15-45 years (80 cases and 30 control). One sample was inoculated in mycoplasma broth for culture. The other was used for PCR to detect the presence of the M. hominis gene. ResultsCulture positivity for mycoplasma was seen in 4/80 (5%) patients clinically suspected of genitourinary infection (cases) based on their presenting signs and symptoms. In those without such suspicion (control), all cultures were negative (p=0.021). PCR was positive for M. hominis in 22 (20%) samples. Considering the PCR as the gold standard the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of culture are found to be 18.18%, 100%, 100%, and 88.25% respectively. The highest prevalence of M. hominis was in the age group 20-24 years (9/24) and 50% of all detections (11/22) were among 25-29 years. Detections were more frequent among patients with multiparity, multiple sexual partners, intrauterine contraceptive devices, lower socioeconomic status, and lower educational status. ConclusionOur study results showed that the presence of M. hominis is significantly higher in cases than in the control group. The study also indicates the need for continued research on this bacterium both in patients with genital symptoms and in asymptomatic patients.

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Genital mycoplasmas in women attending the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Cameroon

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Accuracy of Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections and Genital Mycoplasmas Screening by Multiplex Real-Time PCR Using a Self-Collected Veil among Adult Women in Sub-Saharan Africa

Accuracy of Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections and Genital Mycoplasmas Screening by Multiplex Real-Time PCR Using a Self-Collected Veil among Adult Women in Sub-Saharan Africa

A Study ofTrichomonas vaginalisInfection and Correlates in Women with Vaginal Discharge Referred at Fann Teaching Hospital in Senegal

The prevalence of Mycoplasma hominis in Outpatients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in East India

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