Genital myiasis (Wohlfahrtiosis) in camel herds of Mongolia

Valentin, Anyela Andrea Medina; Baumann, Maximilian; Schein, E.; Bajanbileg, S.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00127-1

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…It has been estimated that economic costs associated with wohlfahrtiosis, including drugs, labour and production losses, are approximately 5 euros per case (Sotiraki et al 2010). In addition to the direct costs of wohlfahrtiosis, indirect effects in the reproduction should be also considered in the cases of genital localization as reported in sheep (Farkas and Hall 1998) and camel (Valentin et al 1997) farms. Furthermore, the medical importance of this myiasis is highlighted by the numerous cases of human wohlfahrtiosis (Sotiraki et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The localization of maggots of W. magnifica in natural body orifices is quite common (Valentin et al 1997;Sotiraki et al 2010), and it has been reported that wounds are not a prerequisite for infestation by W. magnifica as gravid female fly can be attracted by volatile product of urine or vaginal discharges ). Moreover, active infestations become more attractive to gravid females, stimulating successive infestation as it is demonstrated in our report by the concurrent presence (in goat and dog) of different development stages in lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Genital myiasis by Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) in Sicily (Italy)

Gaglio

Brianti

Abbene³

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner, 1862; Diptera: Sarcophagidae), known also as flesh fly or screwworm, is a fly distributed especially in south Europe, Middle East, North Africa and China. Maggots of W. magnifica are responsible for traumatic myiasis in warm-blooded vertebrate animals and humans. In Italy data on wohlfahrtiosis in animals and humans are scant. This paper reports three cases of genital myiasis by W. magnifica in Sicily that occurred in a goat, a ram and a dog, respectively. Maggots were found in the vulva of a goat, in a wound localised in the scrotum of a ram and in the prepuce of a dog. Although the disease was not recorded before in the region, data collected from a questionnaire specifically designed for the study suggest that the disease is endemic in the area for more than 20 years. Larger epidemiological studies in the region are needed to get more data on disease prevalence and pattern of infestation as well as more information and education is needed for both farmers and veterinarians on wohlfahrtiosis and its strategies of control and treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Genital myiasis by Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) in Sicily (Italy)

Gaglio

Brianti

Abbene³

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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“…In addition to post‐glacial expansion of Mediterranean species, Schmitt (2007) considered the expansion of continental and Arctic/Alpine species. Although it occurs in the Mediterranean region, W. magnifica is also considered to be a continental species, adapted to the open steppe regions of Europe and Asia, tolerant of hot and dry summers and able to diapause through cold winters (Portchinsky, 1916; Ternovoy, 1978; Valentin et al , 1997). It is possible, therefore, that W. magnifica also occupied glacial refugia in the eastern Palaearctic region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, elsewhere in the distribution of W. magnifica , cases have been recorded at much greater altitudes, such as 1200 m a.s.l. in Mongolia (Valentin et al , 1997) and up to 2600 m a.s.l. in the French Pyrenees (Ruíz Martínez & Leclercq, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular genetic analysis of populations of Wohlfahrt’s wound myiasis fly, Wohlfahrtia magnifica, in outbreak populations from Greece and Morocco

Hall

Testa

Smith

et al. 2009

Medical Vet Entomology

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. Wohlfahrt ' s wound myiasis fly, Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), is the most important cause of traumatic myiasis in the southern Palaearctic region. Larval stages are obligate parasites and the wounds caused by infestations are very similar to those caused by Old and New World screwworm flies. During the last decade, W. magnifica appears to have expanded its range to parts of northern and central Morocco, and to Crete, Greece. Specimens of W. magnifica were collected in Morocco and Crete either as larvae (preserved in 80% ethanol) or as adults (dry-pinned). Comparison specimens were collected in Spain, Hungary and mainland Greece. A DNA fragment containing the 3 ′ 715 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from each of 132 larvae or adults of W. magnifica and the amplicons were directly sequenced and analysed phylogeographically. Twelve cytochrome b haplotypes were detected. All haplotypes from Morocco belonged to a lineage that included specimens from the Iberian peninsula, and restricted mixing of central and northern populations in Morocco was demonstrated. Cytochrome b haplotyping combined with an analysis of larval size provided clear evidence of multiple infestations of hosts in all geographical areas, with one quarter of wounds containing larvae from two to at least four females. More than 80% of specimens from Crete contained a haplotype predominating in mainland Greece and Hungary. Our survey indicated that wohlfahrtiosis was more widespread in northern and central Morocco than previously recorded by government veterinarians. However, the prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis was low (< 1%). The high genetic diversity of Moroccan populations is consistent with longterm endemicity, rather than recent introduction. Crete showed a higher prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis ( ≤ 15%) and less genetic diversity of W. magnifica , which is consistent with a recent introduction. The western and eastern Mediterranean lineages may have been isolated in different Pleistocene ice-age refugia, from which there has been limited post-glacial dispersal.

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