Genome Analysis of Influenza A Virus Strains Isolated During an Epidemic of 1979-1980

Ghendon, Y. Z.; Klimov, Alexander; Gorodkova, Natalia; Döhner, L

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-56-2-303

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The HA, NA, M, and NS genes of this virus shared a common ancestor with earlier H1N1 viruses, while the PB1, PB2, PA, and NP genes most likely originated from circulating H3N2 viruses. The timing is coincident with the appearance of reassortants in the U.S.A. [36], [37], Soviet Union, and East Germany [38] and suggests that the epidemic influenza viruses of the same serotype isolated from Taiwan were comparable with isolates from elsewhere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exploring the Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Dynamics of Influenza A Virus in Taiwan

et al. 2013

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The evolution and population dynamics of human influenza in Taiwan is a microcosm of the viruses circulating worldwide, which has not yet been studied in detail. We collected 343 representative full genome sequences of human influenza A viruses isolated in Taiwan between 1979 and 2009. Phylogenetic and antigenic data analysis revealed that H1N1 and H3N2 viruses consistently co-circulated in Taiwan, although they were characterized by different temporal dynamics and degrees of genetic diversity. Moreover, influenza A viruses of both subtypes underwent internal gene reassortment involving all eight segments of the viral genome, some of which also occurred during non-epidemic periods. The patterns of gene reassortment were different in the two subtypes. The internal genes of H1N1 viruses moved as a unit, separately from the co-evolving HA and NA genes. On the other hand, the HA and NA genes of H3N2 viruses tended to segregate consistently with different sets of internal gene segments. In particular, as reassortment occurred, H3HA always segregated as a group with the PB1, PA and M genes, while N2NA consistently segregated with PB2 and NP. Finally, the analysis showed that new phylogenetic lineages and antigenic variants emerging in summer were likely to be the progenitors of the epidemic strains in the following season. The synchronized seasonal patterns and high genetic diversity of influenza A viruses observed in Taiwan make possible to capture the evolutionary dynamic and epidemiological rules governing antigenic drift and reassortment and may serve as a “warning” system that recapitulates the global epidemic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exploring the Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Dynamics of Influenza A Virus in Taiwan

et al. 2013

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“…GHENDON AND OTHERS Synthesis of virus-specific proteins was studied as described by Ghendon et aL (1981). Synthesis of functionally active haemagglutinin and neuraminidase was studied as described by Ghendon et al (1973).…”

Section: Virus and Cells Fowl Plague Virus (Fpv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on a Temperature-sensitive Mutant of Fowl Plague Virus Having a Mutation in Gene 7 Coding for the M Protein

Ghendon¹,

Markushin²,

Klimov³

et al. 1983

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYA fowl plague virus (FPV) temperature-sensitive mutant, ts 303/1 having a ts mutation in gene 7 coding for the matrix (M) protein has been obtained. The mutant induced synthesis of virus-specific RNA and polypeptides as well as ribonuclear protein (RNP) formation in cells under non-permissive conditions; however, haemagglutinin cleavage was reduced, functionally active haemagglutinin and neuraminidase were absent and virions were not formed. In mutant-infected cells at 36 °C haemagglutinin cleavage was also reduced and virions formed had an altered NP : M ratio as well as a decreased haemagglutinin content. A population of viri0ns formed under these conditions was heterogeneous both in morphology and in buoyant density. The data obtained suggest that a mutation in the M proteins of orthomyxoviruses can affect processing of the haemagglutinin and impair final stages of virion morphogenesis.

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“…Among the most frequent infections of the upper and lower respiratory tracts in humans are those caused by influenza A virus, an enveloped, negative-sense, singlestranded RNA virus (Skehel & Hay, 1978;Ghendon et al, 1981;McCauley & Mahy, 1983). In a typical year, the virus infects 15-20 % of the population, causing .500 000 deaths worldwide (Thompson et al, 2003;WHO, 2003), but the most frightening effects are seen when new strains of virus emerge, resulting in devastating pandemics (Reid & Taubenberger, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of low-concentration chlorine dioxide gas against influenza A virus infection

Ogata

Shibata

2008

Journal of General Virology

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Influenza virus infection is one of the major causes of human morbidity and mortality. Between humans, this virus spreads mostly via aerosols excreted from the respiratory system. Current means of prevention of influenza virus infection are not entirely satisfactory because of their limited efficacy. Safe and effective preventive measures against pandemic influenza are greatly needed. We demonstrate that infection of mice induced by aerosols of influenza A virus was prevented by chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gas at an extremely low concentration (below the long-term permissible exposure level to humans, namely 0.1 p.p.m.). Mice in semi-closed cages were exposed to aerosols of influenza A virus (1 LD50) and ClO2 gas (0.03 p.p.m.) simultaneously for 15 min. Three days after exposure, pulmonary virus titre (TCID50) was 102.6±1.5 in five mice treated with ClO2, whilst it was 106.7±0.2 in five mice that had not been treated (P=0.003). Cumulative mortality after 16 days was 0/10 mice treated with ClO2 and 7/10 mice that had not been treated (P=0.002). In in vitro experiments, ClO2 denatured viral envelope proteins (haemagglutinin and neuraminidase) that are indispensable for infectivity of the virus, and abolished infectivity. Taken together, we conclude that ClO2 gas is effective at preventing aerosol-induced influenza virus infection in mice by denaturing viral envelope proteins at a concentration well below the permissible exposure level to humans. ClO2 gas could therefore be useful as a preventive means against influenza in places of human activity without necessitating evacuation.

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Genome Analysis of Influenza A Virus Strains Isolated During an Epidemic of 1979-1980

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Exploring the Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Dynamics of Influenza A Virus in Taiwan

Exploring the Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Dynamics of Influenza A Virus in Taiwan

Studies on a Temperature-sensitive Mutant of Fowl Plague Virus Having a Mutation in Gene 7 Coding for the M Protein

Protective effect of low-concentration chlorine dioxide gas against influenza A virus infection

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