Genome Editing among Bioethics and Regulatory Practices

Mandrioli, Mauro

doi:10.3390/biom12010013

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Uncertainty and differences exist between countries about genome editing regulations. Providing the general public and stakeholders with reliable information about the risks and benefits of genome editing holds a key role for speeding up its acceptance [ 1 , 57 ].…”

Section: Breeding For Disease Resistance In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Can Genetics Do for the Control of Infectious Diseases in Aquaculture?

Sciuto

Colli

Fabris³

et al. 2022

Animals

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Infectious diseases place an economic burden on aquaculture and a limitation to its growth. An innovative approach to mitigate their impact on production is breeding for disease resistance: selection for domestication, family-based selection, marker-assisted selection, and more recently, genomic selection. Advances in genetics and genomics approaches to the control of infectious diseases are key to increasing aquaculture efficiency, profitability, and sustainability and to reducing its environmental footprint. Interaction and co-evolution between a host and pathogen can, however, turn breeding to boost infectious disease resistance into a potential driver of pathogenic change. Parallel molecular characterization of the pathogen and its virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes is therefore essential to understand pathogen evolution over time in response to host immunity, and to apply appropriate mitigation strategies.

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Section: Breeding For Disease Resistance In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Can Genetics Do for the Control of Infectious Diseases in Aquaculture?

Sciuto

Colli

Fabris³

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…(2) Why we need a broader ethical debate about EE In the past decade, several novel gene technologies have been developed, among them are GE and EE. 1 There is extensive ethical debate about GE. [2][3][4][5] In 2021, in a report on GE, 6 the Expert Advisory Committee on Developing Global Standards for Governance and Oversight of Human Genome Editing by WHO briefly mentioned EE acknowledging its moving closer towards clinical applications.…”

Section: Introduction (1) Structure Of This Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative ethical evaluation of epigenome editing and genome editing in medicine: first steps and future directions

Alex,

Winkler

2023

J Med Ethics

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Targeted modifications of the human epigenome, epigenome editing (EE), are around the corner. For EE, techniques similar to genome editing (GE) techniques are used. While in GE the genetic information is changed by directly modifying DNA, intervening in the epigenome requires modifying the configuration of DNA, for example, how it is folded. This does not come with alterations in the base sequence (‘genetic code’). To date, there is almost no ethical debate about EE, whereas the discussions about GE are voluminous. Our article introduces EE into bioethics by translating knowledge from science to ethics and by comparing the risks of EE with those of GE. We, first (I), make the case that a broader ethical debate on EE is due, provide scientific background on EE, compile potential use-cases and recap previous debates. We then (II) compare EE and GE and suggest that the severity of risks of novel gene technologies depends on three factors: (i) the choice of an ex vivo versus an in vivo editing approach, (ii) the time of intervention and intervention windows and (iii) the targeted diseases. Moreover, we show why germline EE is not effective and reject the position of strong epigenetic determinism. We conclude that EE is not always ethically preferable to GE in terms of risks, and end with suggestions for next steps in the current ethical debate on EE by briefly introducing ethical challenges of new areas of preventive applications of EE (III).

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CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting plus nanopore DNA sequencing with the plasmid pBR322 in the classroom

Wünschiers,

Leidenfrost,

Holtorf

et al. 2024

J Microbiol Biol Educ.

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Both nanopore-based DNA sequencing and CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing represent groundbreaking innovations in molecular biology and genomics, offering unprecedented insights into and tools for working with genetic information. For students, reading, editing, and even writing DNA will be part of their everyday life. We have developed a laboratory procedure that includes (i) the biosynthesis of a guide RNA for, (ii) targeting Cas9 to specifically linearize the pBR322 plasmid, and (iii) the identification of the cutting site through nanopore DNA sequencing. The protocol is intentionally kept simple and requires neither living organisms nor biosafety laboratories. We divided the experimental procedures into separate activities to facilitate customization. Assuming access to a well-equipped molecular biology laboratory, an initial investment of approximately $2,700 is necessary. The material costs for each experiment group amount to around $130. Furthermore, we have developed a freely accessible website ( https://dnalesen.hs-mittweida.de ) for sequence read analysis and visualization, lowering the required computational skills to a minimum. For those with strong computational skills, we provide instructions for terminal-based data processing. With the presented activities, we aim to provide a hands-on experiment that engages students in modern molecular genetics and motivates them to discuss potential implications. The complete experiment can be accomplished within half a day and has been successfully implemented by us at high schools, in teacher training, and at universities. Our tip is to combine CRISPR/Cas gene targeting with nanopore-based DNA sequencing. As a tool, we provide a website that facilitates sequence data analysis and visualization.

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Genome Editing among Bioethics and Regulatory Practices

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

What Can Genetics Do for the Control of Infectious Diseases in Aquaculture?

What Can Genetics Do for the Control of Infectious Diseases in Aquaculture?

Comparative ethical evaluation of epigenome editing and genome editing in medicine: first steps and future directions

CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting plus nanopore DNA sequencing with the plasmid pBR322 in the classroom

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