Genome engineering and plant breeding: impact on trait discovery and development

Nogué, Fabien; Mara, Kostlend; Collonnier, Cécile; Casacuberta, Josep M.

doi:10.1007/s00299-016-1993-z

Cited by 56 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…In conclusion, CRISPR‐Cas9 generates a large targeted genetic diversity that helps in understanding gene function in polyploid species, but also provide an exceptional genetic resource for breeding (Nogué et al ., 2016). In particular, it provides a very efficient method for selecting an ideotype (oil profile), minimizing negative effects (growth trade‐off), by selecting the nature of the alleles and their most efficient genetic combinations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective gene dosage by CRISPR‐Cas9 genome editing in hexaploid Camelina sativa

Morineau

Bellec

Tellier

et al. 2017

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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245

166

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In many plant species, gene dosage is an important cause of phenotype variation. Engineering gene dosage, particularly in polyploid genomes, would provide an efficient tool for plant breeding. The hexaploid oilseed crop Camelina sativa, which has three closely related expressed subgenomes, is an ideal species for investigation of the possibility of creating a large collection of combinatorial mutants. Selective, targeted mutagenesis of the three delta‐12‐desaturase (FAD2) genes was achieved by CRISPR‐Cas9 gene editing, leading to reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and increased accumulation of oleic acid in the oil. Analysis of mutations over four generations demonstrated the presence of a large variety of heritable mutations in the three isologous CsFAD2 genes. The different combinations of single, double and triple mutants in the T3 generation were isolated, and the complete loss‐of‐function mutants revealed the importance of delta‐12‐desaturation for Camelina development. Combinatorial association of different alleles for the three FAD2 loci provided a large diversity of Camelina lines with various lipid profiles, ranging from 10% to 62% oleic acid accumulation in the oil. The different allelic combinations allowed an unbiased analysis of gene dosage and function in this hexaploid species, but also provided a unique source of genetic variability for plant breeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective gene dosage by CRISPR‐Cas9 genome editing in hexaploid Camelina sativa

Morineau

Bellec

Tellier

et al. 2017

Plant Biotechnology Journal

Self Cite

245

166

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“…However, as the regulatory landscape continues to evolve, it remains to be seen whether they will prove a viable alternative to transgenic and traditional breeding approaches (EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms, 2012; Araki and Ishii, 2015). In fact, these approaches will enable the use of sequence information from more distantly related, cross-incompatible CWR (and indeed non-CWR) for crop improvement (Nogué et al, 2016;Spindel and McCouch 2016). However, alterations of larger pieces of sequence information and of different genes simultaneously (e.g., haplotype blocks), as well as of structural variants (e.g., chromosomal fragments), are becoming increasingly feasible (Lowder et al, 2015;Ma et al, 2015).…”

Section: Technological Advances In Using Cwrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past and Future Use of Wild Relatives in Crop Breeding

et al. 2017

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Wild species related to agricultural crops (crop wild relatives, or CWR) can increase the adaptive capacity of agricultural systems around the world. They represent a large pool of genetic diversity from which to draw new allelic variation required in breeding programs. Crop wild relatives have been extremely valuable in adapting crop varieties to changing disease pressures, farming practices, market demands, and climatic conditions. Unfortunately, CWR are a threatened resource and measures need to be taken to protect them, both in the wild and in genebanks. Here, we review how wild species have contributed to the development of improved crop varieties and where efforts must be concentrated to harness their value in the future. Drawing on the results of an extensive literature search, a series of 14 expert consultation meetings, and in‐depth interview with experts on 24 crops, we document the role that CWR play in modern crop breeding. We discuss (i) their past and current use, (ii) advanced breeding methods and technologies that promise to facilitate the continued use of CWR, and (iii) what constraints continue to hinder increased use of CWR in breeding.

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“…Globalization has allowed pests and pathogens to circulate freely, so farmers cultivating historical landraces often have to apply many phytosanitary treatments or risk losing their entire crop, making it impossible to meet the goals of keeping inputs to a minimum and using minimally aggressive agricultural practices. Problems related to traditional methods, such as linkage drag in backcrossing (introducing undesirable genes linked to the gene introduced mainly when the donor is a wild plant), can be overcome by biotechnological approaches available today (Nogué et al, 2016) and others that will surely be devised in the future.…”

Section: Landraces the New Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward an Evolved Concept of Landrace

Casañas¹,

Simó²,

Casals³

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

180

124

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The term “landrace” has generally been defined as a cultivated, genetically heterogeneous variety that has evolved in a certain ecogeographical area and is therefore adapted to the edaphic and climatic conditions and to its traditional management and uses. Despite being considered by many to be inalterable, landraces have been and are in a constant state of evolution as a result of natural and artificial selection. Many landraces have disappeared from cultivation but are preserved in gene banks. Using modern selection and breeding technology tools to shape these preserved landraces together with the ones that are still cultivated is a further step in their evolution in order to preserve their agricultural significance. Adapting historical landraces to present agricultural conditions using cutting-edge breeding technology represents a challenging opportunity to use them in a modern sustainable agriculture, as an immediate return on the investment is highly unlikely. Consequently, we propose a more inclusive definition of landraces, namely that they consist of cultivated varieties that have evolved and may continue evolving, using conventional or modern breeding techniques, in traditional or new agricultural environments within a defined ecogeographical area and under the influence of the local human culture. This includes adaptation of landraces to new management systems and the unconscious or conscious selection made by farmers or breeders using available technology. In this respect, a mixed selection system might be established in which farmers and other social agents develop evolved landraces from the variability generated by public entities.

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Genome engineering and plant breeding: impact on trait discovery and development

Cited by 56 publications

References 87 publications

Selective gene dosage by CRISPR‐Cas9 genome editing in hexaploid Camelina sativa

Selective gene dosage by CRISPR‐Cas9 genome editing in hexaploid Camelina sativa

Past and Future Use of Wild Relatives in Crop Breeding

Toward an Evolved Concept of Landrace

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