Genome placement of alpha-haemolysin cluster is associated with alpha-haemolysin sequence variation, adhesin and iron acquisition factor profile of Escherichia coli

Kolenda, Rafał; Sidorczuk, Katarzyna; Noszka, Mateusz; Aleksandrowicz, Adrianna; Khan, Muhammad Moman; Burdukiewicz, Michał; Pickard, Derek; Schierack, Peter

doi:10.1099/mgen.0.000743

Cited by 7 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…Pathotypes were predicted for ehxCABD -positive E. coli genomes by identification of VAG profile with blast, as listed in Table S1 [13]. Genomes that did not fit the criteria for any pathotype were classified as unknown ( na ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A RefSeq collection of E. coli genomes was screened for the presence of enterohaemolysin-encoding genes ehxCABD (from reference genome EDL 933; GenBank accession number X86087.1), yielding 2399 enterohaemolysin-positive genomes (Supplementary Dataset S1, available in the online version of this article). Additionally, the collection of 1122 hlyCABD-positive (alphahaemolysin-positive) E. coli genomes was obtained from Kolenda et al [13] to allow comparative studies (Supplementary Dataset S2). The genomic context of alpha-haemolysin-coding genes was determined as in Kolenda et al [13].…”

Section: Genome Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the collection of 1122 hlyCABD-positive (alphahaemolysin-positive) E. coli genomes was obtained from Kolenda et al [13] to allow comparative studies (Supplementary Dataset S2). The genomic context of alpha-haemolysin-coding genes was determined as in Kolenda et al [13]. Clermont typing was performed with the use of clermonTyping to determine the phylogroup of E. coli under analysis [16].…”

Section: Genome Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, haemolytic E. coli with plasmid-encoded α-Hly showed a similar adhesin profile to nonpathogenic strains, whereas chromosome-encoded α-Hly had a high prevalence of Auf, P and S fimbriae characteristic for UPEC [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three types of haemolysin have been described in E. coli , alpha-haemolysin (α-Hly), enterohaemolysin (Ehx/EHEC-hly) and silent haemolysin (HlyE) [ 13 ]. α-Hly is encoded by an operon consisting of four genes – hlyCABD .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic characterization of enterohaemolysin-encoding haemolytic Escherichia coli of animal and human origin

et al. 2023

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Enterohaemolysin (Ehx) and alpha-haemolysin are virulence-associated factors (VAFs) causing the haemolytic phenotype in Escherichia coli . It has been shown that chromosomally and plasmid-encoded alpha-haemolysin are characteristic of specific pathotypes, virulence-associated factors and hosts. However, the prevalence of alpha- and enterohaemolysin does not overlap in the majority of pathotypes. Therefore, this study focuses on the characterization of the haemolytic E. coli population associated with multiple pathotypes in human and animal infectious diseases. Using a genomics approach, we investigated characteristic features of the enterohaemolysin-encoding strains to identify factors differentiating enterohaemolysin-positive from alpha-haemolysin-positive E. coli populations. To shed light on the functionality of Ehx subtypes, we analysed Ehx-coding genes and inferred EhxA phylogeny. The two haemolysins are associated with a different repertoire of adhesins, iron acquisition or toxin systems. Alpha-haemolysin is predominantly found in uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and predicted to be chromosomally encoded, or nonpathogenic and undetermined E. coli pathotypes and typically predicted to be plasmid-encoded. Enterohaemolysin is mainly associated with Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and predicted to be plasmid-encoded. Both types of haemolysin are found in atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC). Moreover, we identified a new EhxA subtype present exclusively in genomes with VAFs characteristic of nonpathogenic E. coli . This study reveals a complex relationship between haemolytic E. coli of diverse pathotypes, providing a framework for understanding the potential role of haemolysin in pathogenesis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genome Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genome Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic characterization of enterohaemolysin-encoding haemolytic Escherichia coli of animal and human origin

et al. 2023

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Characterization of clumpy adhesion of Escherichia coli to human cells and associated factors influencing antibiotic sensitivity

Khan,

Sidorczuk,

Becker

et al. 2024

Microbiol Spectr

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Escherichia coli intestinal infection pathotypes are characterized by distinct adhesion patterns, including the recently described clumpy adhesion phenotype. Here, we identify and characterize the genetic factors contributing to the clumpy adhesion of E. coli strain 4972. In this strain, the transcriptome and proteome of adhered bacteria were found to be distinct from planktonic bacteria in the supernatant. A total of 622 genes in the transcriptome were differentially expressed in bacteria present in clumps relative to the planktonic bacteria. Seven genes targeted for disruption had variable distribution in different pathotypes and nonpathogenic E. coli, with the pilV and spnT genes being the least frequent or absent from most groups. Deletion (Δ) of five differentially expressed genes, flgH , ffp , pilV , spnT, and yggT, affected motility, adhesion, or antibiotic stress. Δ flgH exhibited 80% decrease and Δ yggT depicted 184% increase in adhesion, and upon complementation, adhesion was significantly reduced to 13%. Δ flgH lost motility and was regenerated when complemented, whereas Δ ffp had significantly increased motility, and reintroduction of the same gene reduced it to the wild-type level. The clumps produced by Δ ffp and Δ spnT were more resistant and protected the bacteria, with Δ spnT showing the best clump formation in terms of ampicillin stress protection. Δ yggT had the lowest tolerance to gentamicin, where the antibiotic stress completely eliminated the bacteria. Overall, we were able to investigate the influence of clump formation on cell surface adhesion and antimicrobial tolerance, with the contribution of several factors crucial to clump formation on susceptibility to the selected antibiotics. IMPORTANCE The study explores a biofilm-like clumpy adhesion phenotype in Escherichia coli, along with various factors and implications for antibiotic susceptibility. The phenotype permitted the bacteria to survive the onslaught of high antibiotic concentrations. Profiles of the transcriptome and proteome allowed the differentiation between adhered bacteria in clumps and planktonic bacteria in the supernatant. The deletion mutants of genes differentially expressed between adhered and planktonic bacteria, i.e., flgH , ffp , pilV , spnT , and yggT, and respective complementations in trans cemented their roles in multiple capacities. ffp , an uncharacterized gene, is involved in motility and resistance to ampicillin in a clumpy state. The work also affirms for the first time the role of the yggT gene in adhesion and its involvement in susceptibility against another aminoglycoside antibiotic, i.e., gentamicin. Overall, the study contributes to the mechanisms of biofilm-like adhesion phenotype and understanding of the antimicrobial therapy failures and infections of E. coli .

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adhesiomeR: a tool for Escherichia coli adhesin classification and analysis

Sidorczuk,

Burdukiewicz,

Cerk

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Adhesins are crucial factors in the virulence of bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli. However, to date no resources have been dedicated to the detailed analysis of E. coli adhesins. Here, we provide adhesiomeR software that enables characterization of the complete adhesin repertoire, termed the adhesiome. AdhesiomeR incorporates the most comprehensive database of E. coli adhesins and facilitates an extensive analysis of adhesiome. We demonstrate that adhesiomeR achieves 98% accuracy when compared with experimental analyses. Based on analysis of 15,000 E. coli genomes, we define novel adhesiome profiles and clusters, providing a nomenclature for a unified comparison of E. coli adhesiomes.

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Genome placement of alpha-haemolysin cluster is associated with alpha-haemolysin sequence variation, adhesin and iron acquisition factor profile of Escherichia coli

Cited by 7 publications

References 70 publications

Genomic characterization of enterohaemolysin-encoding haemolytic Escherichia coli of animal and human origin

Genomic characterization of enterohaemolysin-encoding haemolytic Escherichia coli of animal and human origin

Characterization of clumpy adhesion of Escherichia coli to human cells and associated factors influencing antibiotic sensitivity

adhesiomeR: a tool for Escherichia coli adhesin classification and analysis

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