Genome Sequence of Lawsonia intracellularis Strain N343, Isolated from a Sow with Hemorrhagic Proliferative Enteropathy

Sait, Michelle; Aitchison, Kevin; Wheelhouse, Nick; Wilson, Kim; Lainson, Alex F.; Longbottom, David; Smith, David George Emslie

doi:10.1128/genomea.00027-13

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The biotin synthesis genes bioC, bioH, bioF, bioA, bioD, and bioB formed a compact operon on the wCle genome. Almost the same operon structure was identified on the genome of a facultative endosymbiont Cardinium hertigii (Bacteroidetes) causing cytoplasmic incompatibility in the parasitoid wasp Encarsia pergandiella (10), on the genome of a swine pathogen Lawsonia intracellularis (Deltaproteobacteria) (11), and also on the plasmid of a Rickettsia strain (Alphaproteobacteria) isolated from the tick Ixodes scapularis (12), but not on the genomes of Wolbachia and allied alphaproteobacteria (Fig. 3A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Evolutionary origin of insect– Wolbachia nutritional mutualism

Nikoh

Hosokawa

Moriyama

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

375

407

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Obligate insect-bacterium nutritional mutualism is among the most sophisticated forms of symbiosis, wherein the host and the symbiont are integrated into a coherent biological entity and unable to survive without the partnership. Originally, however, such obligate symbiotic bacteria must have been derived from free-living bacteria. How highly specialized obligate mutualisms have arisen from less specialized associations is of interest. Here we address this evolutionary issue by focusing on an exceptional insect-Wolbachia nutritional mutualism. Although Wolbachia endosymbionts are ubiquitously found in diverse insects and generally regarded as facultative/parasitic associates for their insect hosts, a Wolbachia strain associated with the bedbug Cimex lectularius, designated as wCle, was shown to be essential for host's growth and reproduction via provisioning of B vitamins. We determined the 1,250,060-bp genome of wCle, which was generally similar to the genomes of insect-associated facultative Wolbachia strains, except for the presence of an operon encoding the complete biotin synthetic pathway that was acquired via lateral gene transfer presumably from a coinfecting endosymbiont Cardinium or Rickettsia. Nutritional and physiological experiments, in which wCle-infected and wCle-cured bedbugs of the same genetic background were fed on B-vitaminmanipulated blood meals via an artificial feeding system, demonstrated that wCle certainly synthesizes biotin, and the wCleprovisioned biotin significantly contributes to the host fitness. These findings strongly suggest that acquisition of a single gene cluster consisting of biotin synthesis genes underlies the bedbug-Wolbachia nutritional mutualism, uncovering an evolutionary transition from facultative symbiosis to obligate mutualism facilitated by lateral gene transfer in an endosymbiont lineage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Evolutionary origin of insect– Wolbachia nutritional mutualism

Nikoh

Hosokawa

Moriyama

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

375

407

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“…Genomic characterization of this Wolbachia strain revealed that, unlike all available insect-associated facultative Wolbachia , it encodes a complete operon for the biosynthesis of biotin (i.e., genes bio A, bio B, bio C, bio D, bio F and bio H), as well as a partial operon for the biosynthesis of thiamine (genes ten A1 and thi D, and the pseudogene ψ thi M). A similar operon structure for biotin biosynthesis has been identified in Cardinium hertigii cEper1, S-symbiont of the parasitoid wasp Encarsia pergandiella [ 131 ], the swine pathogen Lawsonia intracellularis [ 132 ], and a Rickettsia strain isolated from the tick Ixodes scapularis [ 133 ]. On the other hand, similar operon configuration for thiamine biosynthesis was identified in the fish pathogen Francisella noatunensis [ 134 ].…”

Section: Horizontal Gene Transfer In Insects-bacteria Endosymbiotimentioning

confidence: 96%

Et tu, Brute? Not Even Intracellular Mutualistic Symbionts Escape Horizontal Gene Transfer

López-Madrigal

Gil

2017

Genes

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Many insect species maintain mutualistic relationships with endosymbiotic bacteria. In contrast to their free-living relatives, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has traditionally been considered rare in long-term endosymbionts. Nevertheless, meta-omics exploration of certain symbiotic models has unveiled an increasing number of bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host genetic transfers. The abundance and function of transferred loci suggest that HGT might play a major role in the evolution of the corresponding consortia, enhancing their adaptive value or buffering detrimental effects derived from the reductive evolution of endosymbionts’ genomes. Here, we comprehensively review the HGT cases recorded to date in insect-bacteria mutualistic consortia, and discuss their impact on the evolutionary success of these associations.

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“…Etiology Lawsonia intracellularis is a Gram-negative, curved to spiral-shaped, obligate intracellular bacterium that causes proliferative enteropathy in rabbits and other species of animals (Sait et al, 2013;Schauer et al, 1998).…”

Section: Proliferative Enteropathymentioning

confidence: 99%