Genome sequence of Mycobacterium yongonense RT 955-2015 isolate from a patient misdiagnosed with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: First clinical detection in Tanzania

Abstract

In light of the OrthoANI algorithm and phylogenetic analysis, it was concluded that the isolate was M. yongonense Type II genotype, which is an indication that the patient was misdiagnosed with TB/MDR-TB and received inappropriate treatment.

Tracking characterization of Mycobacterium strains in Tanzania and some sub-Saharan African Countries: An overview on genotyping studies, implication and trends in advancing technology

“…In Tanzania there were just 16 studies from 2001 to 2018 which have characterized TB in both humans and animals to genetic level (Table 1). All of those studies used genotyping methods, of which 6 focused on characterization of the infective bacteria (M. bovis) in cattle [37][38][39][40][41] and rodents 42 , only nine 34,35,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] dealt with infection in humans while the rest were mainly studies that involved conventional methods both in humans and animals. The 16 genetic studies include those carried out at human-animal interface.…”

“…The search, initially included only studies done in Tanzania, then some sub-Saharan Africa. The initial search retrieved 40 published article (Table 1), three [34][35][36] done in Tanzania and the rest (37 articles) done in other areas. Most of these articles were from South Africa and Ethiopia with little coming from Djibouti (1), Mali (1), Nigeria (1), Equatorial Guinea (1), Malawi (1) and Uganda (1).…”

“…Therefore, studies using advanced tools have been sporadic and limited in scope while their implementation for routine screening has been impossible in most countries. For example only three published studies 35,36,47 Emergence of migrating, highly virulent strains of M. tuberculosis, sometimes in association with multidrug resistance, is a warning sign of a serious threat to TB control 90 . This necessitates the identification of major driving forces for the transmission dynamics within specific populations, which in turn may have significant impact on disease control and vaccine development strategies 30,91 .…”

TB or not TB? Definitive determination of species within the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in unprocessed sputum from adults with presumed multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis

“…In such patients, the differential diagnosis should also include non-tuberculous mycobacteria and fungal pathogens such as Aspergillus species that are known to colonise those with residual lung disease following otherwise successful TB treatment [37,38]. We and others have reported on the importance of accurately detecting non-tuberculous mycobacteria such as M. intracellulare and M. kansasii among people living with HIV/ AIDS in Tanzania for whom multiple rounds of TB treatment were performed before alternative diagnoses and post-TB chronic lung disease were considered [39,40]. To enhance more accurate TB diagnosis, our findings warrant consideration of modifying the current Xpert â MTB/RIF testing algorithm to include an assessment of active/replicating bacillary load with tools such as the Molecular Bacterial Load assay, which detects and quantifies the rRNA of viable M. tuberculosis within 24 h, as well as other conventional techniques such as culturing the M. tuberculosis in liquid and solid media for those with prior TB treatment, and expanding access to nonsputum assays such as urine TB-LAM for people living with HIV/AIDS, and suspicion of concomitant extrapulmonary TB [41][42][43].…”

Capreomycin resistance prediction in two species ofMycobacteriumusing a stacked ensemble method

“…TKK‐0100059), which causes pulmonary infections in humans, has been found to be resistant to capreomycin. This species has related strains M. yongonense 05‐1390(T), Asan 36912 and Asan 36527 which may also be resistant to capreomycin, but their genomes are not available for inspection (Mnyambwa et al ).…”