Genome Sequences of a Novel Picorna-Like Virus from Pacific Abalone (
            <i>Haliotis discus hannai</i>
            ) in South Korea

Kim, Jong‐Oh; Lee, Jong Kyu; Seo, Yong Bae; Lim, Han-kyu; Kim, Gun‐Do

doi:10.1128/genomea.00484-17

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Virions consist of a capsid, with no envelope, surrounding a core of ssRNA, measuring from 22-33 nm in diameter (Zell et al, 2017;Baltimore, 1971;Le Gall et al, 2008). Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has significantly expanded the order Picornavirales in recent years, through the identification of previously unknown viruses found associated with various taxa, including aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates (Arcier et al, 1999;Tang et al, 2005;Kapoor et al, 2008;Shi et al, 2016;Kim et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2021). The replication cycle takes place in the cytosol in tight association with reorganized cytoplasmic membranous structures (Below et al, 2012;Harak and Lohmann, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A WIDESPREAD PICORNAVIRUS AFFECTS THE HAEMOCYTES OF THE NOBLE PEN SHELL (PINNA NOBILIS) LEADING TO IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

Carella,

Prado,

Vico

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The widespread mass mortality of the noble pen shell (Pinna nobilis) has occurred in several Mediterranean countries in the past seven years. Single-stranded RNA virus affecting immune cells and leading to immune disfunction have been widely reported in human and animal species. Here we present data linkingP. nobilismass mortality events (MMEs) to haemocyte picornavirus (PV) infection. This study was performed on 30 specimens, from wild and captive populations. We sampledP. nobilisfrom two regions of Spain, Catalonia [24 animals] and Murcia [two animals]), and one region in Italy (Venice [four animals]). The low number of analyzed specimens was due to the scarcity of remaining individuals in the Mediterranean Sea. In 100% of our samples, ultrastructure revealed the presence of a virus (20nm diameter), capable of replicating within granulocytes and hyalinocytes, leading to the accumulation of complex vesicles of different dimensions within the cytoplasm. As the PV infection progressed, dead haemocytes, infectious exosomes, and budding of extracellular vesicles were visible, along with endocytic vesicles entering other cells. The THC (total haemocyte count) values observed in both captive (eight animals) (3.5 x 104- 1.60 x105ml-1cells) and wild animals (14 samples) (1.90 - 2.42 x105ml-1cells) were lower than those reported before MMEs. Sequencing ofP. nobilis(six animals) haemocyte cDNA libraries revealed the presence of two main sequences ofPicornavirales, familyMarnaviridae. The highest number of reads belonged to animals that exhibited active replication phases and abundant viral particles from Trasmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) observations. These sequences correspond to the genusSogarnavirus- a picornavirus identified in the marine diatomChaetoceros tenuissimus(namedC. tenuissimusRNA virus type II). Real time PCR performed on the two most abundant RNA viruses previously identified byin silicoanalysis revealed positive results only for the sequences similar toC. tenuissimusRNA virus. These results may not be considered conclusive of picornavirus identification in noble pen shell haemocytes, and require further studies. Our findings suggest that picornavirus infection likely causes immunosuppression, making individuals prone to opportunistic infections which is a potential cause for the MMEs observed in the Mediterranean.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A WIDESPREAD PICORNAVIRUS AFFECTS THE HAEMOCYTES OF THE NOBLE PEN SHELL (PINNA NOBILIS) LEADING TO IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

Carella,

Prado,

Vico

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Virions consist of a capsid with no envelope surrounding a core of ssRNA measuring 22-33 nm in diameter (14,20,21). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has significantly expanded the order Picornavirales in recent years through the identification of previously unknown viruses associated with various taxa, including aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). The replication cycle takes place in the cytosol in close association with reorganized cytoplasmic membranous structures (28, 29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A widespread picornavirus affects the hemocytes of the noble pen shell (Pinna nobilis), leading to its immunosuppression

Carella,

Prado,

De Vico

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionThe widespread mass mortality of the noble pen shell (Pinna nobilis) has occurred in several Mediterranean countries in the past 7 years. Single-stranded RNA viruses affecting immune cells and leading to immune dysfunction have been widely reported in human and animal species. Here, we present data linking P. nobilis mass mortality events (MMEs) to hemocyte picornavirus (PV) infection. This study was performed on specimens from wild and captive populations.MethodsWe sampled P. nobilis from two regions of Spain [Catalonia (24 animals) and Murcia (four animals)] and one region in Italy [Venice (6 animals)]. Each of them were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to describe the morphology and self-assembly of virions. Illumina sequencing coupled to qPCR was performed to describe the identified virus and part of its genome.Results and discussionIn 100% of our samples, ultrastructure revealed the presence of a virus (20 nm diameter) capable of replicating within granulocytes and hyalinocytes, leading to the accumulation of complex vesicles of different dimensions within the cytoplasm. As the PV infection progressed, dead hemocytes, infectious exosomes, and budding of extracellular vesicles were visible, along with endocytic vesicles entering other cells. The THC (total hemocyte count) values observed in both captive (eight animals) (3.5 × 104–1.60 × 105 ml−1 cells) and wild animals (14 samples) (1.90–2.42 × 105 ml−1 cells) were lower than those reported before MMEs. Sequencing of P. nobilis (six animals) hemocyte cDNA libraries revealed the presence of two main sequences of Picornavirales, family Marnaviridae. The highest number of reads belonged to animals that exhibited active replication phases and abundant viral particles from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. These sequences correspond to the genus Sogarnavirus—a picornavirus identified in the marine diatom Chaetoceros tenuissimus (named C. tenuissimus RNA virus type II). Real-time PCR performed on the two most abundant RNA viruses previously identified by in silico analysis revealed positive results only for sequences similar to the C. tenuissimus RNA virus. These results may not conclusively identify picornavirus in noble pen shell hemocytes; therefore, further study is required. Our findings suggest that picornavirus infection likely causes immunosuppression, making individuals prone to opportunistic infections, which is a potential cause for the MMEs observed in the Mediterranean.

show abstract

Genome Sequences of a Novel Picorna-Like Virus from Pacific Abalone ( Haliotis discus hannai ) in South Korea

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

A WIDESPREAD PICORNAVIRUS AFFECTS THE HAEMOCYTES OF THE NOBLE PEN SHELL (PINNA NOBILIS) LEADING TO IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

A WIDESPREAD PICORNAVIRUS AFFECTS THE HAEMOCYTES OF THE NOBLE PEN SHELL (PINNA NOBILIS) LEADING TO IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

A widespread picornavirus affects the hemocytes of the noble pen shell (Pinna nobilis), leading to its immunosuppression

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