Genome sequencing, assembly, annotation and analysis of Staphylococcus xylosus strain DMB3-Bh1 reveals genes responsible for pathogenicity

Abstract

Background Staphylococcus xylosus is coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), found occasionally on the skin of humans but recurrently on other mammals. Recent reports suggest that this commensal bacterium may cause diseases in humans and other animals. In this study, we present the first report of whole genome sequencing of S. xylosus strain DMB3-Bh1, which was isolated from the stool of a mouse.ResultsThe draft genome of S. xylosus strain DMB3-Bh1 consisted of 2,81,0255 bp with G+C content of 32.7 mol%, 2623 predicted coding sequences (CDSs) and 58 RNAs. The final assembly contained 12 contigs of total size 2,81,0255 bp with N50 contig length of 4,37,962 bp and the largest contig assembled measured 7,61,338 bp. Further, an interspecies comparative genomic analysis through rapid annotation using subsystem technology server was achieved with Staphylococcus aureus RF122 that revealed 36 genes having similarity with S. xylosus DMB3-Bh1. 35 genes encoded for virulence, disease and defense and 1 gene encoded for phages, prophages and transposable elements.ConclusionsThese results suggest co linearity in genes between S. xylosus DMB3-Bh1 and S. aureus RF122 that contribute to pathogenicity and might be the result of horizontal gene transfer. The study indicates that S. xylosus DMB3-Bh1 may be a potential emerging pathogen for rodents.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13099-016-0139-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Insight into the Genome of Staphylococcus xylosus, a Ubiquitous Species Well Adapted to Meat Products

“…Complete genomes are available for three S. xylosus strains: C2a (our laboratory, LN554884), SMQ-121 [ 24 ], and HKUOPL8 [ 25 ]. Moreover, the draft genomes of two other strains are also available: NJ [ 26 ] and DMB3-Bh1 [ 27 ]. In this article, we essentially focus on the strain S. xylosus C2a.…”

Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer (Insecta, Coleoptera) in a single house of a broiler production facility as a potential source of pathogenic bacteria for broilers and humans

“…Reports as a primary pathogen in human and veterinary medicine are scarce (Gozalo et al 2010). Nevertheless, results from genome sequencing of a S. xylosus DMB3-Bh1 strain suggested co-linearity in genes between S. xylosus DMB3-Bh1 and S. aureus RF122 contributing to pathogenicity and might be the result of horizontal gene transfer (Kaur et al 2016).…”

Intergenerational protective anti-gut commensal immunoglobulin G originates in early life

“…Most bacteria disseminating to the neonatal spleen in this model were S. xylosus, an organism typically found on the skin of mammals, but which has been isolated from early-life mouse intestines ( 11 , 22 ). S. xylosus is expanded in the intestine of immunosuppressed mice ( 43 ) and contains multiple virulence genes ( 44 ). Further, adult SPF mice can harbor IgG 2b directed against Staphylococci ( 11 ).…”