Genome survey sequencing of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and genetic diversity analysis of Chinese germplasm with genomic SSR markers

Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is a grain legume used in animal feeding, rich in protein content, fatty acid, and mineral composition that makes for a very adequate component to enrich feedstuff. In addition, relevant pharmacological properties have been reported in humans. The common vetch, similar to other legumes, can fix atmospheric nitrogen, a crucial feature for sustainable agricultural systems. These properties enhance the use of vetch as a cover crop and its sowing in intercropping systems. Moreover, several studies have recently pointed out the potential of vetch in the phytoremediation of contaminated soils. These characteristics make vetch a relevant crop, which different potential improvements target. Varieties with different yields, flowering times, shattering resistance, nutritional composition, rhizobacteria associations, drought tolerance, nitrogen fixation capacity, and other agronomic-relevant traits have been identified when different vetch accessions are compared. Recently, the analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data has allowed the development of different molecular markers to be used for assisted breeding purposes, promoting crop improvement. Here, we review the potential of using the variability of V. sativa genetic resources and new biotechnological and molecular tools for selecting varieties with improved traits to be used in sustainable agriculture systems.

Section: Generating Genomic and Transcriptomic Toolssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…A total of 76,810 different SSR have been also identified, tri- (36%) and tetra-nucleotide (13%) repetitions being the most abundant. Some of these SSR have been used to analyze the genetic diversity of Chinese common vetches [ 140 ].…”

Section: Generating Genomic and Transcriptomic Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Novel Strategies for Improving Old Legumes: An Overview from Common Vetch

Ramírez-Parra

Fernández

2023

“…Agro-morphological traits in common vetch lines, such as forage yield components and morphological variations in seeds, have been evaluated [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. A draft genome sequence of common vetch has been reported [ 17 , 18 ], which benefits the identification of important genes. A transcriptomic analysis is performed to reveal the candidate genes involved in pod shattering [ 19 ] and responses to Cd, drought, cold, and salt [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Molecular Responses to Salt Stress in Common Vetch (Vicia sativa L.)

Sun,

Zhao,

Sun

et al. 2024

Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is an important annual diploid leguminous forage. In the present study, transcriptomic profiling in common vetch in response to salt stress was conducted using a salt-tolerant line (460) and a salt-sensitive line (429). The common responses in common vetch and the specific responses associated with salt tolerance in 460 were analyzed. Several KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways, including plant hormone and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling, galactose metabolism, and phenylpropanoid phenylpropane biosynthesis, were enriched in both lines, though some differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed distinct expression patterns. The roots in 460 showed higher levels of lignin than in 429. α-linolenic acid metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis, the photosynthesis-antenna pathway, and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways were specifically enriched in salt-tolerant line 460, with higher levels of accumulated soluble sugars in the leaves. In addition, higher transcript levels of genes involved in ion homeostasis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging were observed in 460 than in 429 in response to salt stress. The transcriptomic analysis in common vetch in response to salt stress provides useful clues for further investigations on salt tolerance mechanism in the future.

“…The Fabeae tribe contains economically/agronomically significant taxa for human, as well as animal, consumption (such as Lathyrus L., Lens Mill., Pisum L. and Vicia L.). The accumulation of available molecular data for Fabeae, such as genetic linkage maps [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], genome sequencing [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], and diversity arrays technology (DArT) [ 16 ] has provided valuable insights for these genetic resources. Still, a basic understanding regarding the nature of a given genome necessitates information concerning the DNA amount and must be considered as a critical feature in any inclusive program for comparative genomic investigations [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Size Variation across a Cypriot Fabeae Tribe Germplasm Collection

Charalambous

Ioannou

Kyratzis

et al. 2023

DNA content is an important trait linked to the evolutionary routes of taxa and often connected to speciation. In the present study, we studied C-values variation across the Cypriot Fabeae gene pool. Several hundred plants (Vicia spp., Lens spp., Pisum spp.) were sampled across Cyprus. Accurate estimates were established by flow cytometry and propidium iodine staining for 155 discrete populations/accessions. A ten-fold variation was detected across lineages with 1C DNA content varying from 1.584 pg for V. cretica (ARI02420) to 13.983 pg for V. faba (ARI00187). In general, flow cytometry was precise for the characterization of species, even though there were instances of genome overlapping across taxa. Most analyses in the current work refer to species that have not been characterized before by flow cytometry (or any other DNA content estimation method). Still, a correlation to C-values previously reported in Kew Plant DNA C-values database was attempted. A high degree of correlation except for V. dalmatica was established. The evaluation of genome size trait in relation with the Fabeae phylogeny, revealed that Pisum and Lens genera were rather homogenous, but an astonishing fluctuation was shown for Vicia spp. Moreover, it was established that genome up- or down-scaling was not directly linked to speciation drivers. The genomic size measurements presented here could deliver extra quality control for the identification and characterization of taxa in germplasm collections, particularly in cases where species share morphological characters.