Genome type analysis of adenovirus 31, a potential causative agent of infants' enteritis

Adrian, Thomas E.; Wigand, R.

doi:10.1007/bf01311118

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Recreational waters have been reported to contain species B and C adenoviruses which have been linked to outbreaks of pharyngoconjunctivitis (9,19) and may play an important role in the transmission of respiratory diseases in recreational waters through aerosol transmission (6,26). Other serotypes, such as AdV31 (1) and AdV51 (7), may be associated with fecal-oral transmission.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Identification of adenovirus isolates can be accomplished by neutralization with type-specific antisera or by DNA restriction analysis (1). However, these methods are time-consuming and results are often difficult to interpret, and therefore, these methods are impractical for routine testing of clinical or environmental samples.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Adenoviruses have been identified as a cause of waterborne illnesses in the United States and in other countries (15), and several serotypes have been closely associated with acute gastroenteritis. AdV serotype 40 (AdV40) and AdV41 (species F) were second only to rotaviruses as a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis among children according to one study (3), and AdV31 (species A) and, to a lesser extent, other adenovirus serotypes of species A, B, and C have been linked to acute gastroenteritis in infants (1,4). Recreational waters have been reported to contain species B and C adenoviruses which have been linked to outbreaks of pharyngoconjunctivitis (9,19) and may play an important role in the transmission of respiratory diseases in recreational waters through aerosol transmission (6,26).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Human Adenoviruses and Identification of Serotypes 40 and 41

Jothikumar

Cromeans

Hill³

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

236

150

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A quantitative real-time TaqMan PCR assay for detection of human adenoviruses (HAdV) was developed using broadly reactive consensus primers and a TaqMan probe targeting a conserved region of the hexon gene. The TaqMan assay correctly identified 56 representative adenovirus prototype strains and field isolates from all six adenovirus species (A to F). Based on infectious units, the TaqMan assay was able to detect as few as 0.4 and 0.004 infectious units of adenovirus serotype 2 (AdV2) and AdV41, respectively, with results obtained in less than 90 min. Using genomic equivalents, the broadly reactive TaqMan assay was able to detect 5 copies of AdV40 (which had zero mismatches with the PCR primers and probe), 8 copies of AdV41, and 350 copies of AdV3 (which had the most mismatches [seven] of any adenovirus serotype tested). For specific detection and identification of F species serotypes AdV40 and AdV41, a second real-time PCR assay was developed using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes that target the adenovirus fiber gene. The FRET-based assay had a detection limit of 3 to 5 copies of AdV40 and AdV41 standard DNA and was able to distinguish between AdV40 and AdV41 based on melting curve analysis. Both the TaqMan and FRET PCR assays were quantitative over a wide range of virus titers. Application of these assays for detection of adenoviruses and type-specific identification of AdV40 and AdV41 will be useful for identifying these viruses in environmental and clinical samples.

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Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Human Adenoviruses and Identification of Serotypes 40 and 41

Jothikumar

Cromeans

Hill³

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

236

150

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“…Adenovirus type 31 (Ad 31) has been increasingly isolated during the past decade as a consequence of increased attention to the role of adenoviruses in childhood gastroenteritis [2,4,8,14,17,22,23]. Ad 31 was detected in feces as often as Ad40 in infant gastroenteritis in Toronto between 1983 and 1986 [5], and the clinical features of Ad 31 have been shown to be indistinguishable from those of Ad40/Ad41 [18].…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of two divergent adenovirus 31 strains

Thörner

Ahrel-Andersson

Hierholzer

et al. 1993

Archives of Virology

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Two divergent strains of adenovirus type 31 were analyzed by neutralization test and restriction endonuclease (RE) patterns in an effort to find the basis for their genetic variability. One strain, isolated from the throat of a child in Maryland during an upper respiratory illness in 1968, was partially neutralized by Ad 31 antisera (to 16-fold lower than homologous titer) while its own antiserum fully neutralized prototype Ad 31 virus, but shared only 9% of comigrating RE fragments with Ad 31 prototype (vs. 30% with Ad 18 prototype); however, PCR tests specific for the inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequence of Ads 12 and 18 were negative. The other strain, recovered from a stool sample from an infant with diarrhea in Georgia in 1979, was inhibited by Ad 31 antiserum to within 4-fold homologous titer, but shared only 15% of comigrating fragments with Ad 31 prototype (vs. 91% with Ad 18 prototype); ITR-specific PCR tests with this virus were positive for Ad 12/Ad 18. These data suggest that both strains are from separate evolutionary lines of Ad 31 unrelated to all other isolates studied to date by RE analysis, and that the partial neutralization by prototype Ad 31 antisera might represent small mutations in the hexon gene.

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“…Species A HAdVs (HAdV-12, -18, and -31) are common pathogens in humans (64) and are associated with cryptic, disseminated gastrointestinal and/or respiratory infections, usually in children under the age of 4 years (2,14,48,60). In immunocompromised individuals (AIDS patients, organ transplant patients, or patients with congenital immune deficiencies), species A HAdVs in general, and HAdV-31 in particular, cause severe and sometimes lethal infections (18,25,29,35,(37)(38).…”

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Coagulation Factor IX Mediates Serotype-Specific Binding of Species A Adenoviruses to Host Cells

Lenman

Müller

Nygren

et al. 2011

J Virol

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Human species A adenoviruses (HAdVs) comprise three serotypes: HAdV-12, -18, and -31. These viruses are common pathogens and cause systemic infections that usually involve the airways and/or intestine. In immunocompromised individuals, species A adenoviruses in general, and HAdV-31 in particular, cause life-threatening infections. By combining binding and infection experiments, we demonstrate that coagulation factor IX (FIX) efficiently enhances binding and infection by HAdV-18 and HAdV-31, but not by HAdV-12, in epithelial cells originating from the airways or intestine. This is markedly different from the mechanism for HAdV-5 and other human adenoviruses, which utilize coagulation factor X (FX) for infection of host cells. Surface plasmon resonance experiments revealed that the affinity of the HAdV-31 hexon-FIX interaction is higher than that of the HAdV-5 hexon-FX interaction and that the half-lives of these interactions are profoundly different. Moreover, both HAdV-31-FIX and HAdV-5-FX complexes bind to heparan sulfate-containing glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) on target cells, but binding studies utilizing cells expressing specific GAGs and GAG-cleaving enzymes revealed differences in GAG dependence and specificity between these two complexes. These findings add to our understanding of the intricate infection pathways used by human adenoviruses, and they may contribute to better design of HAdV-based vectors for gene and cancer therapy. Furthermore, the interaction between the HAdV-31 hexon and FIX may also serve as a target for antiviral treatment.In immunocompetent individuals, human adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause self-limiting diseases that affect the intestine, airways, urinary tract, tonsils, and/or eyes (74). Species A HAdVs (HAdV-12, -18, and -31) are common pathogens in humans (64) and are associated with cryptic, disseminated gastrointestinal and/or respiratory infections, usually in children under the age of 4 years (2,14,48,60). In immunocompromised individuals (AIDS patients, organ transplant patients, or patients with congenital immune deficiencies), species A HAdVs in general, and HAdV-31 in particular, cause severe and sometimes lethal infections (18,25,29,35,(37)(38). In this group of patients, the symptoms are similar to those in immunocompetent patients but more severe, and they also include hepatitis.The icosahedral adenovirus particle is composed of three major capsomers: the fiber, the penton base, and the hexon protein. The trimeric fiber proteins contain the terminal knob domain, which directly binds virions to cellular receptors, such as the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) (11, 58, 63), desmoglein 2 (68), CD46 (22, 42, 61), or sialic-acid-containing glycans (7-8, 47), in a species-and/or serotype-specific manner. The pentameric penton base proteins contain conserved RGD motifs (except in HAdV-40 and HAdV-41) (5) that interact with cellular integrins (44) in vitro, resulting in endocytosis (10, 72) and endosomal release (69, 71). The trimeric hexon protein is the major building bloc...

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Genome type analysis of adenovirus 31, a potential causative agent of infants' enteritis

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Human Adenoviruses and Identification of Serotypes 40 and 41

Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Human Adenoviruses and Identification of Serotypes 40 and 41

Characterization of two divergent adenovirus 31 strains

Coagulation Factor IX Mediates Serotype-Specific Binding of Species A Adenoviruses to Host Cells

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