Genome-Wide Identification of Cyclin Dependent Kinase (CDK) Family Genes Influencing Adipocyte Differentiation in Cattle

Abstract

Background: The cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) are protein kinases regulating important cellular processes such as cell cycle and transcription. A variety of studies have shown that many CDK genes also played a critical role during adipogenic differentiation. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the CDK gene family regulating bovine adipocyte differentiation.Therefore, this study aimed to characterize CDK family genes in bovine and study the expression pattern during adipocyte differentiation.Results: We performed a genome-wide analysis and identified 25, 25, 22, 21, 22, 24, 22 and 24 CDK genes in Bos taurus, Bos indicus, Hybrid-Bos taurus, Hybrid bos indicus, Bos grunniens, Bos mutus, Bison and Bubalus bubalis, respectively. All the CDK genes classified into 8 subfamilies through phylogenetic analysis. Chromosome localization displayed 25 bovine CDK genes distributed on 16 chromosomes. Collinearity analysis revealed that CDK family genes of Bos taurus were extensively homologous with Bos indicus, Hybrid-Bos taurus, Hybrid bos indicus, Bos grunniens and Bubalus bubalis. Tanscriptome analysis showed that several of the CDK family genes had relatively high expression levels in preadipocytes compared with differentiated adipocytes, which is generally similar to qPCR, indicating that it could have a significant function in the growth of the emerging lipid droplets.Conclusion: We performed a comprehensive analysis for the CDK family genes including identification, phylogenetic classification, structural characterization, chromosomal distribution, collinearity analysis and expression profile analysis by tanscriptome sequencing and qPCR. The results provide a basis for further study to determine the roles of CDK family genes in regulating adipocyte differentiation, which is beneficial for beef quality improvement.